➢ $10% $rule
- In a food chain, only about $10%$ of energy is transferred from one level to the next
■ Other $90% $used for respiration/digestion/running/etc, - Energy flow/biomass/numbers of members within an ecosystem can be represented in an ecological pyramid
➢ Buildup of toxins
- Downside of food pyramids is that when the consumers at the top eat something beneath the,. It is like they are eat the thing and thing it ate and the thing it ate, etc.
■ If there is a toxin in the environment, consumers are getting the most of it because it becomes more concentrated at each level