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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity
Download free NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 – Democracy and Diversity. These NCERY solutions have all the answers designed as per the CBSE marking scheme.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 3
Get here the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Democratic Politics Chapter 3 – Democracy and Diversity. These solutions are explained in the simplest manner to make learning easy and effective for students. All the solutions are available here in a readable and downloadable format. Students must go through these NCERT solutions to improve in the subject and score high in their board examination.
Check below the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics Chapter 3:
NCERT Solutions Class 10
Political Science
Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity
Exercises
1. Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
Answer:
The three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions are:
(i) The way people perceive their identities: If people see their identities in singular terms and demand a special recognition, it becomes very difficult to accommodate. However, if people perceive their identities as a part of the nation, then people belonging to the different casts, religions and traditions can live peacefully in a country.
(ii) The way the leaders raise the demands of any community: It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another community. For example, the demand for ‘only Sinhala’ was at the cost of the interest and identity of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka.
(iii) Government’s reaction to the demands of different groups: It depends on how the government reacts to the demands of different groups. The chances of social division are minimised if the government gives equal representation to all the major and minor groups in the society and powers are shared among all of them.
2. When does a social difference become a social division?
Answer:
The social division takes place when some social difference overlaps with other differences. Situations of the kind when one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people start feeling that they belong to different communities, gives rise to the social divisions. For example, the difference between the Blacks and Whites becomes a social division in the US because the Blacks tend to be poor, homeless and discriminated against. In India, Dalits tend to be poor and landless. They often face discrimination and injustice.
3. How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.
Answer.
Democracy involves competition among various political parties. If these political parties use this
competition in support of some social divisions, it can lead to political divisions. This can lead
to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country. This has happened in many countries:
(i) First example is of North Ireland where religious divisions led to ethno-political conflict. Two major sects of Christianity – Protestants (53 per cent) and Roman Catholics(44 per cent) are represented in the country. The Catholics were represented by Nationalist parties who demanded that Northern Ireland be unified with the Republic of Ireland, a predominantly Catholic country. The Protestants were represented by Unionists who wanted to remain with the UK, which is predominantly protestant. The fight between Nationalist and Unionist led to social conflicts where hundreds of civilians died.
(ii) Another example is of Yugoslavia where political competition along religious and ethnic lines led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries.
4. ________________ social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. ___________________ social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
Answer:
Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Cross-cutting social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
5. In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is NOT correct about democracy?
(a) Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
(b) In a democracy, it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
(c) Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
(d) Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
Answer: (d) Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
6. Consider the following three statements.
A. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
B. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
C. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) Only C
Answer: (b) A and B
7. Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below.
A. But all political expressions of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
B. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries.
C. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
D. Some social differences may result in social divisions.
(a) D, B, C, A
(b) D, B, A, C
(c) D, A, C, B
(d) A, B, C, D
Answer: (a) D, B, C, A
8.Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?
(a) Belgium
(b) India
(c) Yugoslavia
(d) Netherlands
Answer: (c) Yugoslavia
9. Read the following passage from a famous speech by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1963. Which social division is he talking about? What are his aspirations and anxieties? Do you see a relationship between this speech and the incident in Mexico Olympics mentioned in this chapter?
“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. Let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring—when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children—black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics—will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!’ I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal’.”
Answer:
Martin Luther King Jr. is talking about the racial discrimination that existed in America. The blacks in America were discriminated by the whites and were not given all the rights that the whites enjoyed. This was the reason for the social division between the two communities.
Martin Luther aspired to create a society where people of all casts and colours would live together peacefully, where everyone would enjoy equal rights and where people are not judged on the basis of their skin colour.
Yes, there is a relationship between his speech and the incident at the Mexico Olympics, as both reflect a stand against the plight of the African-American people.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Democratic Politics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity
Question-1
Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.
Solution:
Three factors are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions. First of all the outcome depends on how people perceive their identities. If people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate. As long as people in northern Ireland saw themselves as only Catholic or Protestant, their differences were difficult to reconcile. It is much easier if the people see that their identities are multiple and are complementary with the national identity. A majority of Belgians now feel that they are as much Belgian as they are Dutch or German-speaking.
This helps them to stay together. This is how most people in our country see their identity: they think of themselves as Indian as well as belonging to a state or a language group or a social or religious community.
Second, it depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community. It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another community. The demand for ‘only Sinhala’ was at the cost of the interest and identity of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka. In Yugoslavia, the leaders of different ethnic communities presented their demands in such a way that these could not be accommodated within a single country.
Third, it depends on the how the government reacts to demands of different groups. As we saw in the examples of Belgium and Sri Lanka, if the rulers are willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of minority community, social divisions become less threatening for the country. But if they try to suppress such a demand in the name of national unity, the end result is often quite the opposite. Such attempts at forced integration often sow the seeds of disintegration.
Question-2
When does a social difference become a social division?
Solution:
People who feel marginalised, deprived and discriminated have to fight against the injustices. Such a fight often takes the democratic path, voicing their demands in a peaceful and constitutional manner and seeking a fair position through elections.
Sometimes social differences can take the form of unacceptable level of social inequality and injustice. The struggle against such inequalities sometimes takes the path of violence and defiance of state power. However history shows that democracy is the best way to fight for recognition and also to accommodate diversity.
Question-3
How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.
Solution:
Expression of various kinds of social divisions in politics often results in their cancelling one another out and thus reducing their intensity. This leads to strengthening of a democracy. But a positive attitude towards diversity and a willingness to accommodate it do not come about easily. People who feel marginalised, deprived and discriminated have to fight against the injustices. Such a fight often takes the democratic path, voicing their demands in a peaceful and constitutional manner and seeking a fair position through elections. Sometimes social differences can take the form of unacceptable level of social inequality and injustice. The struggle against such inequalities sometimes takes the path of violence and defiance of state power. However history shows that democracy is the best way to fight for recognition and also to accommodate diversity.
Question-4
___________ social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. ____________ social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
Solution:
Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Cross-cutting social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.
Question-5
In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is NOT correct about democracy?
(a) Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
(b) In a democracy it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
(c) Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.
Solution:
d
Question-6
Consider the following three statements.
A. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
B. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
C. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B and C (b) A and B (c) B and C (d) Only C
Solution:
(b) A and B
Question-7
Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?
(a) Belgium (b) India (c) Yugoslavia (d) Netherlands
Solution:
(c) Yugoslavia
Multiple Choice Questions
Previous Years’ Questions
1. Which of the following divisions is unique to India ? [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Gender division
(b) Caste division
(c) Economic division
(d) Religious division
NCERT Questions
2. In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is not correct about democracy ?
(a) Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
(b) In a democracy it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
(c) Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
(d) Democracy always leads to disintegration of society on the basis df social divisions.
3. Consider the following three statements:
(i) Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
(ii) It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
(iii) Social divisions exist in only big countries like India which of the statement is/are correct.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) only (iii)
4. Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below:
(i) But all political expression of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
(ii) Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most of the countries.
(iii) Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
(iv) Some social differences may result in social divisions.
(a) (iv), (ii), (iii), (i)
(b) (iv), (ii), (i), (iii)
(c) (iv), (i), (iii), (ii)
(d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
5. Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities ?
(a) Belgium
(b) India
(c) Yugoslavia
(d) Netherlands
Additional Questions
6. Consider the statement:
Which three elements show the basic unity in India ?
(i) Cultural unity
(ii) Discrimination
(iii) Unity in language
(iv) Religious equality
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii) only
(d) (i) and (iv) only
7. Which three countries faced the problem of social division ?
(a) United Kingdom, USA and India
(b) Belgium, Sri Lanka and United Kingdom
(c) Sri Lanka, Canada and India
(d) Belgium, Germany and USA.
8. List out the reasons for the growth of Civil Right Movement in America. Consider the statement:
(i) Prevalence of Poverty
(ii) Racial Discrimination
(iii) Civil Rights Movements
(iv) Religious Diversity
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
9. Overlapping differences signifies :
(a) Religious and linguistic differences
(b) Cross-cut social differences
(c) Some social difference overlaps with other differences
(d) Cultural diferences
10. Democracy involves:
(a) Competition among various political parties
(b) Religious inequalities
(c) Cultural diversity
(d) Conflict, violence and disintegration
11. Social difference arise due to difference in
(a) Race
(b) Religion
(c) Language
(d) All the above
12. Society is fairly homogenous i.e., there are no significant ethnic difference in
(a) Germany
(b) Belgium
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) China
13. In Mexico Olympics, John Carlos received the winner’s medal without wearing shoes. This was done to represent
(a) Black people
(b) Black poverty
(c) Black pride
(d) White domination
14. To show his support to the protesting American athletes during the award ceremony of Mexico Olympics, Peter Norman
(a) wore no socks
(b) wore a human right badge
(c) wore a black scarf
(d) wore a string of beads
15. In the recent times a European country that has been worst affected by social differences is
(a) Sri Lanka
(b) Zimbabwe
(c) Yugoslavia
(d) France
16. A society that has similar Kinds of people, especially where there are no significant ethnic differences is called a
(a) Secular society
(b) Communal society
(c) Homogenous society
(d) Socially divided
17. Give one word for the following :
(a) A society that has similar kinds of people and where there is no significant ethnic differences ……………. (Homogenous, Heterogenous)
(b) Anybody who shifts from one region or country to another region within a country ……….. (Migrant, Nomad)
(c) It refers to as set of events and reforms move ………… (Reforms movement, Revolution movement)
(d) Social differences take place when some social difference overlap the other differences …………….. (Overlapping Social differences, Cross cutting Social differences)
18. State true and false :
(a) Social differences lead to social divisions. (True / False)
(b) Democracy fails to accommodate social diversity. (True / False)
(c) All people have multiple identities. (True / False)
(d) Attempts of forced integration in any country often sow the seeds of disintegration. (True / False)
19. Fill in the blanks :
(a) Social differences are based on the ……………. (Ethnic Complexity, Urbanisation)
(b) ………………… social difference is creating possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. (Overlapping, Cross cutting)
(c) ………………. social differences are easier to accommodate and do not usually lead to conflicts.(Cross cutting, Multi cutting)
(d) People who feel marginalised, deprived and discriminated have to fight against the ………………. (Exploitation, Regionalism)
20. “Is it necessary for people belonging to the same religion to have same caste.” Justify by selecting best option.
(a) Yes, it is necessary because it is fairly common for people belonging to the same religion to have same caste.
(b) No, it is not necessary for people because their caste and sect is very different.
(c) The statement itself is not relevant
(d) It can be or it cannot be
21. Does every social difference lead to social division? Select the correct option
(a) No, every social difference does not lead to social division because people belonging to different social groups share difference and similarities. .
(b) Yes, every social difference leads to social division.
(c) There is a ‘mixed reaction on the social division and individual identity.
(d) The statement itself is irrelevant.
22. Multi-dimensional or multi-cultural nature of social division signifies;
(a) division of society under the influence of one dominant social group.
(b) division of society under the influence of majoritarian political culture.
(c) division of society under the influence of more than one culture.
(d) division of society under the influence of multiple identities of individual.
23. Do only big countries have social divisions ?
(a) Yes, only big countries have social divisions.
(b) There is a mixed reaction like it can be or it cannot be.
(c) No, not only big countries like ‘India’ have social division, but small countries like Belgium, Island, Sri Lanka also have social differences.
(d) All the above.
24. African – American is the term used for:
(a) Africans who were brought into America as slaves. .
(b) Black Americans of America.
(c) Martin Luther and his group.
(d) John Corlos and Smith.
25. What does the “Civil Rights Movement of USA” signify ?
(a) A movement against the discrimination
(b) A reform movement for the Civil Rights of the citizens
(c) A reform movement against the social discriminations of Afro-Americans
(d) None of the above.
26. Do you think that Carlos and Smith should have raised an internal matter of American society in an international forum.
(a) No, they didn’t raise internal matter but the practice of racism in the humanitarian issue.
(b) Yes, it was the internal matter of America.
(c) No, they should not have done that.
(d) Only statements b and c are correct.
ANSWERS
Multiple Choice Questions
17. (a) Homogenous
(b) Migrant
(c) Reforms movement
(d) Overlapping social differences
18. (a) True
(b) False. Democracy tries to accommodate social differences.
(c) False. It is not possible that all people have multiple identities they may have singular identity.
(d) True
19. (a) Ethnic complexity
(b) Overlapping
(c) Cross cutting
(d) Exploitation
20. Option – (b) is correct because cast and sect depend on the choice of the community like – Protestants and Catholics of Christianity.
21. (a)
22. Statement (c) is correct because multi-cultural nature of social division is related to the influence of more than one culture.
23. Option (c) is correct because social divisions is identical to social differenes and all these countries have social differences.
24. (a)
25. Statement (c) is correct. Actually Civil Rights Movement stated by Martin Luther against the practice of Aparthied.
26. (a)
Democracy and Diversity CBSE Class 10 Democratic Policies Chapter 3 Extra Questions
According to new CBSE Exam Pattern, MCQ Questions For Class 10 Social Science with Answers Carries 20 Marks.
Question-1
Who led the Civil rights movement in the USA?
Solution:
Martin Luther King led the Civil rights movement in the USA.
Question-2
What difference does migration make to social homogeneity?
Solution:
Migrants bring their own culture with them making the society heterogeneous.
Question-3
Give two examples to show that political competition along religious and ethnic lines can lead to disintegration.
Solution:
Partition of India and the disintegration of Yugoslavia are the examples that political competition along religious and ethnic lines can lead to disintegration.
Question-4
Give one example to show that we all have more than one identity and can belong to more than one social group.
Solution:
Two persons may belong to the same community, but one person may be rich and the other person may be poor. They belong to the same community but not to the same social group.
Question-5
What are the origins of Social Differences?
Solution:
Birth is the main cause for social differences. There may be many drawbacks in it, as one cannot change this. We belong to a community simply because we were born into it. We experience the social differences based on accident of birth in our everyday lives.
Social differences exist due to gender differences; physical attributes and due to different physical abilities or disabilities.
A few differences are based on our choices. Education, profession and economic standards also create social difference. All these lead to formation of social groups that are based on individual choices.
Question-6
What are the three important factors in the outcome of politics of social divisions?
Solution:
The first and foremost factor is for people to see their identities as multiple and complementary to the national identity. This helps them to stay together. People in our country should think of themselves as Indian as well as belonging to a state or a language group or a social or religious community.
The second factor depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community. The demands should be within the constitutional framework and not at the cost of another community.
The third factor depends on how the demands of different groups are met by the government. The demands of minority community should also be and the rulers should be willing to share power.
Question-7
Social diversities in a country need not be seen as a source of danger. Discuss.
Solution:
Political expression of social divisions can be healthy and is very normal in a democracy. This proves as a bridge of understanding between various disadvantaged and marginal social groups, as it allows expressing their grievances and getting the government to attend those aspects at the earliest.
When one social group expresses itself, it challenges the other groups to do the same. Democracy is strengthened by this .
But a positive attitude towards diversity and a willingness to accommodate does not come about easily. People who feel segregated must fight this. This fight should take the democratic path, and the people should voice their demands in a peaceful and constitutional manner and seek a fair position through elections.