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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources PDF
Check NCERT solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources. You can find here the best NCERT solutions for an active beginning of studies in the new academic session.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources are best for gaining conceptual understanding. With these simple and precise solutions, learning becomes more effective and interesting. So, follow the NCERT solutions by Jagran Josh for an outstanding performance in the internal and board examinations. All the NCERT Solutions can also be downloaded in PDF format from the link provided in this article.
NCERT Solutions Class 10
Social Science – Geography
Chapter 2: Forest and Wildlife Resources
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources
1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?
(a) Agricultural expansion.
(b) Large scale developmental projects.
(c) Grazing and fuelwood collection.
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.
Answer. (c) Grazing and fuelwood collection
(ii) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?
(a) Joint forest management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko Movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries
Answer. (d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuaries
2. Match the following animals with their category of existence.
Animals/Plants | Category of existence |
Black Buck | Extinct |
Asiatic Elephant | Rare |
Andaman wild pig | Endangered |
Himalayan Brown Bear | Vulnerable |
Pink Head Duck | Endemic |
Answer.
Animals/Plants | Category of existence |
Black Buck | Endangered |
Asiatic Elephant | Vulnerable |
Andaman wild pig | Endemic |
Himalayan Brown Bear | Rare |
Pink Head Duck | Extinct |
3. Match the following.
Reserved Forests | Other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities |
Protected Forests | Forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources |
Unclassed Forests | Forest lands are protected from any further depletion |
Answer.
Reserved Forests | Forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources |
Protected Forests | Forest lands are protected from any further depletion |
Unclassed Forests | Other forests and wastelands belonging to both Government and private individuals and communities |
4. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Answer.
(i) Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life forms on Earth. It can also be referred as a measure of variation at the ecosystem, species and genetic level. All the species on this Earth are living in a system having multiple networks of interdependencies. Human beings also depend on several biotic and abiotic factors for their survival like they obtain food from plants animals. They are dependent on many other species to run their business and industries. Hence, biodiversity is important for human lives.
(ii) Following activities by humans resulted in the depletion of flora and fauna:
- Various dam and river valley projects resulted in a decline of forest cover.
- Illegal mining projects also destroyed forests in a vast area.
- Increasing housing plans, factories and infrastructure also disturbed the flora and fauna adversely.
- Hunting animals for their skin, tusk, bones, teeth, horns, etc., led many species to the verge of extinction.
- Increasing environmental pollution caused many species of birds to extinct.
- Increasing forest fires due to the global warming resulted in depletion of valuable forests and wildlife.
5. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India?
(ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer.
(i) In India many traditional communities still live in a close contact with the forests as they depend on the forest produce for their livelihood. Such local communities are contributing significantly in conservation of the forest land. For example;
- In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against mining activities.
- In Alwar district of Rajasthan, local communities belonging to five villages have set their own rules and regulations in 1,200 hectares of forest land to stop hunting and outside encroachments in these lands.
- The Bishnois of Rajasthan protect black buck, chinkara and peacocks quite fervently.
- Chipko movement is another example of community initiative that resisted deforestation in several areas.
Nature worship is an age old tradition for many local communities. By doing so, they help in conservation of forest.
(ii) In India, many governmental and non-governmental organisations are working towards creating public awareness for conserving forests and wildlife. Central and state governments in India have set up national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect forests and endangered species in wildlife. The Joint Forest Management (JFM) programme in India furnishes a good example of involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests. Under JFM local (village) institutions are set up to undertake the protection activities mostly on degraded forest land. In return, the members of these communities are entitled to intermediary benefits like non-timber forest produces and share in the timber harvested by ‘successful protection’. Many laws had been passed in the past to protect the wildlife. In 1972, the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented. It made protecting specific habitats a law. It released a list of wildlife species that had to be protected. Hunting these animals was considered as a criminal act. “Project Tiger”, one of the well publicised wildlife campaigns in the world, was launched in 1973 to save tigers in the country.
Forest and Wildlife Resource NCERT Class 10 SST Geography NCERT Solutions
Question-1:
What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Solution:
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, or on an entire planet. There are millions of living organisms on planet earth. All these living organisms, including man, are interdependent on each other.
Question-2
How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Solution:
Cutting down of forests for agricultural expansion, large scale developmental projects, grazing and fuel wood collection and for urbanization has led to the depletion of flora and fauna.
Question-3
Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India?
Solution:
In India many traditional communities still live in the forests and depend on their livelihood for forest produce. These communities are working hand in hand with the government to conserve forests.
In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against mining activities. In Alwar district of Rajasthan, local communities belonging to five villages have set their own rules and regulations in 1,200 hectares of forest land. They have named it as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’. Hunting is not allowed in these lands and outside encroachments are prohibited.
The famous Chipko movement was started in the Himalayan region to stop deforestation. People belonging to the local community took to afforestation in a big way. Indigenous species were cultivated and protected.
Involving local communities in protecting the environment, and stopping degradation of forests has reaped many benefits.
Question-4
Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Solution:
In 1972, the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented. It made protecting specific habitats a law. A list of wildlife species that had to be protected was published and hunting these animals was against the law.
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries were set up in many states to protect endangered species.
Under the Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several insects have also been included in the list of protected species. Butterflies, moths, beetles, dragonflies and even certain plants are included in the protected list.
“Project Tiger” was initiated in 1973 by the government of India to protect tigers. It is one of the most well publicized wildlife campaigns in the world.
Multiple Choice Questions
Previous Years’ Questions
1. Which one of the following .s not considered a sacred tree in India
(a) Peepal
(b) Neem
(c) Banyan
(d) Mango
2. What was the aim of Chipko movement ?
(a) Human rights
(b) Political rights
(c) Agricultural expansion
(d) Forest conservation
3. Which one of the following is an example of endemic species ?
(a) Nicobar Pigeon
(b) Asiatic Buffalo
(c) Horn Bill
(d) Black buck
NCERT Questions
4. Which of these statements is not a valid reason for depletion of flora and fauna ?
(a) Agricultural expansion.
(b) Large scale developmental projects.
(c) Grazing and fuelwood collection.
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.
5. Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation.
(a) Joint Forest Management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko Movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife Sanctuaries
Additional Questions
6. The total forest cover in the country is about …………….
(a) 18.1%
(b) 22.1%
(c) 19.3%
(d) 11.5%
7. Most of the forests in the North eastern states belong to the category of …………..
(a) Wastelands
(b) Protected forests
(c) Unclassed forests
(d) Mangroves
8. Endemic species refers to
(a) Species which are extinct.
(b) Species which are declining.
(c) Species which are confined to specific areas only.
(d) Species which are normal.
9. Periyar Tiger reserve is located in
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Kerala
10. ‘Chipko movement’ is a programme started towards conservation of …………….
(a) Soil
(b) Water
(c) Minerals
(d) Forests
11. IUCN refers to
(a) International Understanding and Convention of Nature
(b) International Unity and Conservation of Nature
(c) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
(d) Indian Union for Conservation of Natural Beauty
12. Forests play a key role in the ecological system because
(a) it supports a large number of animals
(b) they are important for tourism.
(c) they are the primary producers on which all other living things depend.
(d) they provide us with many useful things.
13. The area of forest converted into agricultural land between 1951 to 1980 is about
(a) 25,000 sq. km.
(b) 20,000 sq. km.
(c) 23,000 sq. km.
(d) 26,200 sq. km.
14. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal has been threatened about the loss of habitat of many species due to
(a) Industrial development
(b) Agricultural expansion
(c) Port activities
(d) Mining
15. Which group of people in India are responsible for maximum ecological destruction ?
(a) richest 5 percent
(b) poorest 25 percent
(c) tribal communities
(d) slum dwellers
16. Indian Wildlife Protection Act was implemented mainly to
(a) protect certain animals.
(b) protect the remaining population of certain endangered species.
(c) protect the tigers.
(d) protect aquatic animals.
17. The hunting and trade of which animals have been given full or partial legal protection in India ?
(a) Indian lion
(b) Indian elephant
(c) Black buck (Chinkara)
(d) Great Indian bustard (Godawan)
18. In India, forest and wildlife resources are owned and managed by
(a) Private individuals
(b) Communities
(c) The Government
(d) Others
19. Reserved forests refers to
(a) Forests protected from further depletion
(b) Forests meant for their valuable timber and other forest produce
(c) Conservation of some species
(d) Conservation of animals
20. The forests belonging to both government and private individuals and communities are called …………..
(a) Protected Forests
(b) Open Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Reserved Forests
21. The Mundas and Santhals of Chhota Nagpur region worship which one of the following trees ?
(a) Mahua
(b) Mango
(c) Peepal
(d) Tamarind
22. Which one of the following is a farmers movement initiated in Tehri ?
(a) Tehri Andolan
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Appease Movement
(d) Green Revolution
23. The main objective of Joint Forest Management programme is
(a) involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
(b) involving rich people in conservation of forests.
(c) involving backward communities to conserve wildlife.
(d) involving the farmers to plant trees.
24. What is the name given to the forests of God and Goddesses?
(a) Sacred Garden
(b) Sacred Groves
(c) Sacred Park
(d) Sacred Orchards
25. Which one of the following statements is not true with regard to depletion of flora and fauna ?
(a) Land required for housing
(b) Agricultural expansion
(c) Mining activities
(d) Shifting agriculture
26. Which one of the following is not a reason for environmental destruction ?
(a) Global warming
(b) Unequal access
(c) Over population
(d) Inequitable consumption of resources
27. The biological loss is strongly correlated with the loss of cultural diversity because
(a) it has impoverished many indigenous and forest dependent communities.
(b) it has caused serious health problems for women.
(c) it has aggravated many natural hazards that affected the poor.
(d) All of the above
28. Which Wildlife Protection Act has included for the first time the list of protected species of plants ?
(a) Wildlife Protection Act of 1980
(b) Wildlife Protection Act of 1986
(c) Wildlife Protection Act of 1991
(d) Wildlife Protection Act of 1995
29. What is the position of India in the world in terms of bio-diversity ?
(a) First
(b) Fifth
(c) Tenth
(d) Twelve
30. The present forest cover of India in terms of the total geographical area is
(a) 18 per cent
(b) 19.39 per cent
(c) 22 per cent
(d) 15 per cent
31. In which of the following states has the Joint Forests Management started ?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Orissa
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Arunachal Pradesh
32. Flora refers to
(a) Animal kingdom
(b) Plant kingdom
(c) Insects
(d) Flowers
33. Immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in form and function but closely integrated in a system is called
(a) Bioreserve
(b) Diversity
(c) Biodiversity
(d) Biome
34. The total number of plant species in India is
(a) 49000
(b) 47000
(c) 45000
(d) 81000
35. The total number of animal species in India is
(a) 81000
(b) 89000
(c) 98000
(d) 18000
36. Species which are in danger of extinction are called ……………..
(a) Endemic Species
(b) Extinct Species
(c) Vulnerable Species
(d) Endangered Species
37. Species which are no longer found on the earth are called
(a) Normal Species
(b) Vulnerable Species
(c) Rare Species
(d) Extinct Species
38. Which one of the river valley projects has significantly contributed to the loss of forests ?
(a) Nagarjuna Sagar
(b) Narmada Sagar
(c) Nizam Sagar
(d) Rana Pratap Sagar
39. Which state of India has the maximum area under reserved forests ?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Himachal Pradesh
40. The state having highest percentage of protected forests is
(a) Punjab
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
41. Project Tiger was launched in the year
(a) 1980
(b) 1973
(c) 1974
(d) 1975
42. In which of the following states is the Corbett National Park
(a) West Bengal
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Uttaranchal
(d) Madhya Pradesh
ANSWERS
Forest and Wildlife Resource NCERT Class 10 SST Geography Extra Questions
According to new CBSE Exam Pattern, MCQ Questions For Class 10 Social Science with Answers Carries 20 Marks.
Question-1
What has caused the destruction and extinction of many species of animals and plant life?
Solution:
Neglect of our environment has led to the destruction and extinction of many species of animals and plant life.
Question-2
How are animal and plant life categorized?
Solution:
Animal and plant life can be categorized as follows
Normal Species Endangered Species Vulnerable Species Rare Species Endemic Species Extinct Species
Question-3
What are the dangers we face due to depletion of forests?
Solution:
Depletion of forests causes a lot of danger. Water scarcity, drought and deforestation induced floods are some of the dangers. Drought and floods directly affect the poor. Therefore, forests are vital for the quality of life and environment in India.
Question-4
What is ‘enrichment plantation’?
Solution:
“Enrichment plantation” was carried out during the colonial period in India. When a particular species of trees which are commercially profitable are planted after the removal of other species in the area, it is called “enrichment plantation”.
Examples of “enrichment plantation” are
Teak trees planted in South India after cutting down natural forests Chirr Pine plantations which have replaced the Himalayan oak in the Himalayas
Question-5
Write a short note on the Himalayan Yew.
Solution:
The Himalayan Yew is a medicinal plant that is found in Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh. From the bark, needles, twigs and roots of this tree a chemical compound called ‘taxol’ is extracted. This chemical is used to make drugs that are used to cure certain types of cancers, but the species is becoming extinct due to over-exploitation.
Question-6
What are benefits of conserving forests?
Solution:
Conservation of forests preserves the ecological diversity and natural resources like water, air and soil. It preserves the genetic diversity of plants. Conservation of forest and wildlife also help in the growth of animal species and in their breeding.