Year 5 Grammar
Adverbs
Describe how something happened
- Manner: How something was done (quickly, slowly, carefully, etc.)
- Place: Where something happened (here, there, everywhere, etc.)
- Time: When something happened (now, then, before, etc.)
- Frequency: How often something happens (always, sometimes, never, etc.)
Adjectives
Describe nouns or pronouns
- colossal
- ruby
- adorable etc.
Adjectives
An adjective is a special type of word that helps us describe nouns or pronouns. It gives us more information about what the noun or pronoun is like.
Think of adjectives as dressing up a noun. They add details and colors, making it more interesting and clear for the reader to understand.
Here are some examples:
- The big dog barked loudly. (Big describes the dog)
- The red ball bounced across the field. (Red describes the ball)
- She felt happy and excited on her birthday. (Happy and excited describe her)
People
adorable
adventurous
aggressive
annoying
beautiful
caring
clumsy
confident
considerate
excitable
glamorous
grumpy
happy
helpful
important
intimidating
obnoxious
odd
talented
Objects
bright
clear
distinct
drab
elegant
filthy
gleaming
grotesque
long
magnificent
precious
sparkling
spotless
strange
unsightly
unusual
valuable
Good Feelings
brave
calm
cheerful
comfortable
courageous
determined
eager
elated
encouraged
energetic
enthusiastic
excited
exuberant
fantastic
fine
healthy
joyful
pleasant
relieved
Bad Feelings
angry
annoyed
anxious
ashamed
awful
bewildered
bored
confused
defeated
defiant
depressed
disgusted
disturbed
dizzy
embarrassed
envious
frightened
hungry
lonely
Size
big
colossal
enormous
gigantic
great
huge
immense
large
little
long
mammoth
massive
meagre
mighty
mini
minuscule
petite
puny
short
Time
ancient
brief
early
fast
late
modern
old
quick
rapid
short
slow
swift
young
Adverbs
Adverbs are special words that describe how something happened. They add details to verbs, adjectives, or even other adverbs.
Imagine adverbs like little helpers that make your sentences more interesting and descriptive. Here are some key points to remember about adverbs for Year 5 students:
What do adverbs tell us?
- Manner: How something was done (quickly, slowly, carefully, etc.)
- Place: Where something happened (here, there, everywhere, etc.)
- Time: When something happened (now, then, before, etc.)
- Frequency: How often something happens (always, sometimes, never, etc.)
- Degree: To what extent something happens (very, quite, rather, etc.)
Where can we find adverbs in a sentence?
- After verbs: She danced gracefully.
- After adjectives: He was extremely tired.
- After other adverbs: They ran very quickly.
Here are some examples of adverbs used in different ways:
- Manner: The dog barked loudly.
- Place: I put the book down here.
- Time: We ate dinner earlier.
- Frequency: She always wakes up early.
- Degree: The movie was very funny.
Here are some common adverb suffixes:
- -ly: Quickly, slowly, happily, etc.
- -ly: Loudly, clearly, proudly, etc.
- -ly: Briefly, quietly, neatly, etc.
- -ward: Upward, backward, forward, etc.
How?
angrily
anxiously
cautiously
cheerfully
courageously
crossly
cruelly
defiantly
doubtfully
elegantly
enthusiastically
foolishly
frantically
gently
gladly
gracefully
happily
hungrily
loudly
When?
afterwards
again
beforehand
early
lately
never
now
often
punctually
recently
soon
then
today
tomorrow
yesterday
How often?
always
annually
constantly
daily
hourly
monthly
never
occasionally
often
once
regularly
repeatedly
sometimes
usually
yearly
Where?
above
around
away
below
down
downstairs
everywhere
here
inside
outside
there
up
upstairs
wherever
Size
big
colossal
enormous
gigantic
great
huge
immense
large
little
long
mammoth
massive
meagre
mighty
mini
minuscule
petite
puny
short
Time
ancient
brief
early
fast
late
modern
old
quick
rapid
short
slow
swift
young
Nouns
Okay, let’s make understanding nouns fun for Year 5 students! Here’s how to explain it:
Imagine words are like building blocks for sentences. Nouns are the star players, the important names of those blocks. They tell you who or what everything is about!
Think of your classroom:
- People: The teacher, Ms. Smith, your classmates, yourself – they’re all nouns!
- Things: Your desk, the whiteboard, the book you’re reading, Mr. Snuggles the goldfish – all nouns too!
- Places: The school, the playground, the library, even outer space – you guessed it, nouns!
Here are some fun ways to remember:
- Can you kick it? It’s not a noun! Kick a ball? Noun! Kick an idea? Not a noun!
- Nouns tell you “WHO” or “WHAT”. Who wrote that fantastic story? Nouns can answer!
- Think of “Now, you see it!” Nouns are what you see. You see a butterfly, a smile, a mountain – they’re all nouns!
Bonus tip: Nouns can wear different costumes! They can be singular (“book”) or plural (“books”), and they can have special helpers like adjectives to describe them (“a colourful book”).
Remember, nouns are the superheroes of sentences, they show you who or what the action is all about! Now go out there and find some amazing nouns in your own world!
Abstract
love
hate
fear
imagination
longing
despair
excitement
confusion
peace
leadership
Collective
team
family
group
herd
pack
swarm
bunch
pile
collection
Concrete
table
door
plane
book
banana
snow
cloud
friend
teacher
chimney
Compound
hockey stick
toothpaste
underground
haircut
output
armchair
headphones
suntan
childhood
iceberg
Pronoun
he
she
it
they
them
her
him
his
ours
I
Proper
London
Jane
Friday
December
Australia
Taj Mahal
Mr. Smith
Mount Kilimanjaro
Titanic
Romeo and Juliet
Verbs
Let’s make verbs rock for Year 5 students! Here’s how to explain them in a fun way:
Imagine sentences are like movies, and verbs are the action stars! They make things happen, show movement, and keep the story exciting.
Think of your playground:
- Running, jumping, swinging, laughing – verbs bring those actions to life!
- Even talking and thinking are verbs, because they show what your mind is doing.
- And what about the ball you’re kicking? Verbs like “kick,” “throw,” and “catch” tell you what it’s doing.
Here are some ways to remember:
- If you can add “ing” to it, it’s probably a verb! Singing, playing, dancing – all verbs with “ing”!
- Verbs tell you “DOING” or “BEING”. What are you doing right now? Verbs can describe it!
- Think of “Vroom, zoom, the car is moving!” Verbs make things move (or happen).
Bonus tip: Verbs can change costumes too! They can be present (“I play”), past (“I played”), or future (“I will play”). And they can work with helpers like adverbs to show how they’re doing something (“I happily play”).
Remember, verbs are the dynamic stars of our sentences, they show what’s happening and make stories come alive! Now go out there and find some fantastic verbs in your own adventures!
Movement
bounce
carry
collapse
crawl
dance
dash
drive
hit
hop
hurry
jump
leap
live
pull
push
roll
rotate
run
shake
Movement
skip
sneak
spin
split
stroll
stumble
tap
throw
trudge
turn
walk
wander
wave
wind
zoom
Sense
caress
eat
feel
hear
lick
listen
observe
smell
sniff
taste
touch
Voice
giggle
hum
laugh
rap
scream
shout
sigh
sing
sob
talk
whisper
yawn
Objects
bend
break
burn
control
fold
melt
mend
mould
open
repair
smash
snap
stretch
throw
twist
Emotion
admire
bawl
blubber
cry
despair
frown
grin
laugh
love
sigh
smile
smirk
tremble
weep
wince
Thought
comprehend
conceive
contemplate
daydream
dream
evaluate
lament
meditate
ponder
reflect
speculate
think
visualise
wonder
Fronted Adverbials
Are words or phrases at the beginning of a sentence which are used to describe the action that follows.
Imagine you’re telling your friend about an amazing adventure you had. You want to grab their attention right away, so you start with the most exciting part: “Suddenly, a giant panda jumped out of the birthday cake!”
That “Suddenly” at the beginning is a fronted adverbial. It’s like a little trailer for your sentence, giving a hint of what’s about to happen and making your story even more interesting.
Here’s how to explain fronted adverbials to Year 5 students:
- Think of adverbs as helpers for verbs. They tell us how, when, where, or why something happens. For example, in “the panda quickly jumped,” “quickly” is the adverb telling us how the panda jumped.
- Now, imagine putting the adverb at the front of the sentence, even before the subject. That’s a fronted adverbial! It’s like a spotlight shining on the verb, making it stand out.
- Why use them? They can add excitement, suspense, or detail to your writing. They can also help to set the scene or create a mood.
Here are some examples of fronted adverbials and how they work:
- “Carefully,” I tiptoed into the haunted house. (Tells us how I entered)
- “Later that day,” we found a hidden treasure map. (Tells us when something happened)
- “Smiling,” the robot waved goodbye to its friends. (Tells us how the robot waved)
- “Out of nowhere,” a flock of birds flew overhead. (Tells us where the birds came from)
Here are some fun activities to help Year 5 students understand fronted adverbials:
- Play a game of “Sentence Relay.” Start a sentence with a fronted adverbial, and then take turns adding words to build the sentence together.
- Write a short story using lots of fronted adverbials. See how many different ways you can use them to make your story exciting!
- Draw a picture to illustrate a sentence with a fronted adverbial. This can help students visualize how the adverbial sets the scene.
Remember, fronted adverbials are like little secret weapons in your writing toolbox. Use them wisely to make your stories even more awesome!
Time
Afterwards,
Already,
Always,
Immediately,
Last month,
Now,
Soon,
Yesterday,
Today,
Tomorrow,
Next year,
In January,
On Tuesday,
In the morning,
After a while,
As soon as she could,
Before long,
All of a sudden,
In the blink of an eye,
Just then,
Eventually,
Later,
Frequency
Often,
Again,
Daily,
Weekly,
Fortnightly,
Yearly,
Sometime,
Rarely,
Every second,
Twice a year,
Once a minute,
Once,
Once or twice,
Three times,
Constantly,
Regularly,
Frequently,
Infrequently,
Occasionally,
Rarely,
Never in my life,
Never before
Place
Above the clouds,
Below the sea,
Here,
Outside,
Over there,
There,
Under the ground,
Upstairs,
In the distance,
Between the sea and the sky,
Everywhere she looked,
Around the tent,
Back at the house,
Nearby,
Down by the cliffs,
Behind the shed,
In the wooden box,
Over my bed,
Somewhere near here,
Far away,
Wherever they went,
North of here
Manner
Sadly,
Slowly,
Happily,
Awkwardly,
Bravely,
Like a … ,
As quick as a flash,
As fast as he could,
Without a sound,
Without warning,
Unexpectedly,
Unfortunately,
Suddenly,
Mysteriously,
Frantically,
Anxiously,
Courageously,
Silently,
Curiously,
Nervously,
Rapidly,
Carefully
Degree
Almost unbelievably,
Much admired,
Nearly asleep,
Quite understandably,
Really happily,
Perhaps,
Maybe,
Just arrived,
Certainly amused,
Obviously angry,
Definitely confused,
Completely exhausted,
Barely alive,
Hardly out of breath,
Decidedly unimpressed,
Perfectly confident,
Positively trembling with excitement,
Purely practically,
Somewhat flustered,
Utterly joyous,
Totally overwhelmed
When to Use a Capital Letter
Capital Letter Champions: Mastering the Mighty Uppercase!
Imagine you’re a superhero, and your superpower is knowing when to use a capital letter! These mighty uppercase letters act like flags, drawing attention to important words and making your writing clear and strong. ♀️
For Year 5 students, mastering capitals can be a fun adventure. Here’s a guide to help you become a capital letter champion:
1. Sentence Starters: Every sentence is like a new adventure, and guess who gets the spotlight? The first word! Every sentence starts with a capital letter, no matter how short.
Example: I love pizza!
2. Proper Noun Pals: Think of proper nouns like special VIPs in your writing. They deserve their own capital letters because they are unique names of people, places, and things.
- People:
Emma, Mr. Smith, Captain America♂️ - Places:
London, Paris, Hogwarts - Things:
Rover (your dog), Mona Lisa (a painting), Titanic (a ship)️
3. Title Team: Titles are like fancy introductions for books, movies, poems, and even songs. Every word in a title gets a capital letter, except for small connecting words like “of,” “the,” and “a” unless they’re the first or last word.
Example: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone ♂️🪄
4. Family Matters: Days of the week, months, and holidays are like your family calendar, each deserving a capital letter. Seasons like summer and winter, however, stay lowercase.
Example: Monday, July, Christmas ️
5. Respectful Greetings: When you address someone directly, their name always gets a capital letter, even if it’s just in the middle of a sentence. Show some respect to those VIPs!
Example: Hello, Ms. Lee, how are you today?
Bonus Tip: Remember, not everything gets a capital letter. Numbers, for example, usually stay lowercase unless they’re part of a proper noun like “Super Bowl LV.”
Practice Makes Perfect:
Now that you have the superpower of knowing when to use capitals, it’s time to practice! Here are some fun activities:
- Play “Capital Catch!” Throw a ball around with friends and say a word. If it needs a capital letter, catch the ball!
- Write a superhero story filled with capital letters! Give your characters cool names and exciting adventures.
- Make a comic strip with proper nouns and titles for each panel. Be creative and let your imagination run wild!
Remember, using capital letters correctly makes your writing clear, impressive, and a joy to read. So, go forth, Year 5 champions, and conquer the world of capitals!
Colon
Colon are used at the end of a clause to show an answer , elaboration or explanation follows
Imagine you’re telling your best friend about the most amazing lunch you ever had. You want to build the suspense and anticipation, right? A colon is like a little drumroll before the big reveal!
Here’s how to explain colons to Year 5 students:
Think of a colon as a special punctuation mark that works like a bridge. It connects two parts of a sentence, but there’s a surprise waiting on the other side!
Here are some ways to use colons:
Introducing a list:
“My amazing lunch had these delicious things:** strawberries, chocolate chip cookies, and a giant ice cream sundae!“
Giving an explanation:
“I was so hungry:** I practically inhaled that lunch!”
Quoting someone:
“My friend said:** “That looks incredible!”
Forming formal greetings:
“Dear Ms. Smith,”**
Here are some fun activities to help Year 5 students understand colons:
Play “Colon Countdown.” Start a sentence with a part that needs a colon, and then take turns adding words to complete the sentence with a surprise element.
Write a funny poem using colons to introduce each new rhyme.
Create a “Colon Detective” game. Hide colon clues around the classroom and have students identify where they should be used.
Remember, colons are like secret weapons in your writing toolbox. Use them wisely to make your sentences more exciting and suspenseful!
Commas
A comma is a little squiggly punctuation mark (,). It might seem small, but it’s a super important helper in our sentences! Imagine them as tiny traffic cones, guiding the reader and making sure our writing flows smoothly.
Here are some of the main ways commas help us in year 5:
1. Separating friends in a list:
If you’re listing your favorite things, like pizza, ice cream, and puppies, you can use commas to separate them. This makes it clear that each item is separate and special. Think of it like giving each friend their own space to shine! ✨
- I love pizza, ice cream, and puppies!
2. Giving directions:
Sometimes, we need to add extra information to a sentence, like who we’re talking to or when something happened. We use commas to guide the reader through these detours, like little signposts pointing the way.
- My best friend, Sarah, is coming over tomorrow.
- The delicious cake, which Grandma baked, is ready to eat.
3. Joining sentences as friends:
When we want to connect two short sentences, commas can act like friendly bridges. They help the ideas flow together smoothly, without any bumps or awkward pauses.
- I finished my homework, and then I played outside.
- The sun was shining, so we went for a walk.
Remember, using commas correctly can make your writing clear, fun, and easy to understand. So next time you’re writing, don’t forget to give these helpful little squiggles a job to do!
Here are some fun activities to help you practice using commas:
- Make a list of your favorite things and separate them with commas.
- Write a short story and add commas to guide the reader.
- Play a game where you take turns adding words to a sentence, using commas where needed.
With a little practice, you’ll be a comma champion in no time!
Dashes
Dash – create a break in sentence , halfway between , and , usually used in more informal writing.
let’s demystify dashes for year 5 students! Imagine dashes as sentence superheroes who come in two different costumes, ready to save the day in different ways.
Em Dash: The Super Breakbuster
This mighty dash (–) looks like a long hyphen on a mission. It swoops in when there’s a sudden surprise or change in thought, like:
- I was chomping down on a giant ice cream cone—BAM! It fell right on my head!
- We were planning a beach trip, but then—guess what? It started raining sideways! ️️
En Dash: The Speedy Connector
This zippy dash (-) is shorter and works best when things need to be joined together neatly, like:
- The game score was 3–2. A close one! ⚽️
- My favorite book is Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone—a magical adventure! ♀️✨
- We’re flying from Dubai–London—a long but exciting journey! ✈️
Remember:
- Use Em dashes for dramatic effect and unexpected twists. Think of them as a superhero landing with a cape whoosh!
- Use En dashes to connect things that belong together, like partners in crime-solving. They’re the high-five of punctuation!
- Don’t overdo it! Too many dashes can make your writing feel like a superhero party gone wild.
Here are some bonus tips:
- Em dashes have a space on either side, like this: “This is an em dash — like this.”
- En dashes don’t need any space around them, like this: “This is an en dash-like this.”
Ellipsis
Dash – create a break in sentence , halfway between , and , usually used in more informal writing.
let’s demystify dashes for year 5 students! Imagine dashes as sentence superheroes who come in two different costumes, ready to save the day in different ways.
Em Dash: The Super Breakbuster
This mighty dash (–) looks like a long hyphen on a mission. It swoops in when there’s a sudden surprise or change in thought, like:
- I was chomping down on a giant ice cream cone—BAM! It fell right on my head!
- We were planning a beach trip, but then—guess what? It started raining sideways! ️️
En Dash: The Speedy Connector
This zippy dash (-) is shorter and works best when things need to be joined together neatly, like:
- The game score was 3–2. A close one! ⚽️
- My favorite book is Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone—a magical adventure! ♀️✨
- We’re flying from Dubai–London—a long but exciting journey! ✈️
Remember:
- Use Em dashes for dramatic effect and unexpected twists. Think of them as a superhero landing with a cape whoosh!
- Use En dashes to connect things that belong together, like partners in crime-solving. They’re the high-five of punctuation!
- Don’t overdo it! Too many dashes can make your writing feel like a superhero party gone wild.
Here are some bonus tips:
- Em dashes have a space on either side, like this: “This is an em dash — like this.”
- En dashes don’t need any space around them, like this: “This is an en dash-like this.”