AP Chemistry: 2.1 Types of Chemical Bonds – Exam Style questions with Answer- MCQ

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Question

On the basis of electronegativity differences between atoms, which of the following scientific claims is the most accurate regarding the bonding in \(Mg(NO_3)_2~(s)\)?

A There is polar covalent bonding between Mg atoms and N atoms.
B  There is polar covalent bonding between Mg atoms and O atoms.
C  There is ionic bonding between \(N^{5+}\) ions and \(O^{2−}\) ions.
D  There is ionic bonding between \(Mg^{2+}\) ions and \(NO^{3−}\) ions.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans: D 

There is ionic bonding in solid \(Mg(NO_3)_2\) due to coulombic attractions between \(Mg^{2+}\) ions and \(NO^{3−}\) ions. (There is some polar covalent bonding between N and O within the \(NO^{3−}\) ion.)

Question

Which of the following claims about a binary compound in which the bonding is ionic is most likely to be scientifically valid?

A Both elements in the compound are metals.
B  The atomic masses of the elements in the compound are relatively small.
C  There is equal sharing of electrons between the atoms of the elements in the compound.
D  The electronegativity difference between the elements in the compound is relatively large.
▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D 

A relatively large difference between the electronegativities of the two elements indicates that one element has a tendency to form cations and the other has a tendency to form anions.

Question

Which of the following claims about a binary compound composed of elements with the same electronegativity is most likely to be true?

A The compound has properties similar to those of both elements.
B The bonding in the compound is nonpolar covalent.
C The boiling point of the compound is above 1000°C.
D The compound contains strong ionic bonds.
▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Elements with the same electronegativity are more likely to share electrons and form a nonpolar covalent bond.

Question

Thymine and adenine form a base pair in the DNA molecule. These two bases can form a connection between two strands of DNA via two hydrogen bonds. Which of the following diagrams shows the correct representation of the hydrogen bonding (denoted by dashed lines) between thymine and adenine base pairs? (In each diagram, thymine is shown at the left and adenine is shown at the right. The bases are attached to the backbone portion of the DNA strands.)

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

The  \( BF_{3}\) molecule is nonpolar, whereas the \(NF_3\) molecule is polar. Which of the following statements accounts for the difference in polarity of the two molecules?

(A) In NF, each F is joined to N with multiple bonds, whereas in\( BF_3\), each F is joined to B with single bonds.

(B) N-F bonds are polar, whereas B –F bonds are nonpolar.

(C) NF, is an ionic compound, whereas \( BF_{3}\) is a molecular compound.

(D) Unlike \( BF_{3}\), \( NF_{3}\) has a nonplanar geometry due to an unshared pair of electrons on the N atom.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

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