Key Exam Details
The AP Statistics course is equivalent to a first-semester, college-level class in statistics. The 3hour, end-of-course exam is comprised of 46 questions, including 40 multiple-choice questions ( \(50 \%\) of the exam) and 6 free-response questions ( \(50 \%\) of the exam).
The exam covers the following course content categories:
- Exploring One-Variable Data: \(15 \%-23 \%\) of test questions
- Exploring Two-Variable Data: \(5 \%-7 \%\) of test questions
- Collecting Data: \(12 \%-15 \%\) of test questions
- Probability, Random Variables, and Probability Distributions: \(10 \%-20 \%\) of test questions
- Sampling Distributions: \(7 \%-12 \%\) of test questions
- Inference for Categorical Data: Proportions: \(12 \%-15 \%\) of test questions
- Inference for Quantitative Data: Means: \(10 \%-18 \%\) of test questions
- Inference for Categorical Data: Chi-Square: \(2 \%-5 \%\) of test questions
- Inference for Quantitative Data: Slopes: \(2 \%-5 \%\) of test questions
Multiple Choice Questions
MCQs
- Time: 90 minutes
- 60 multiple – choice questions (core)
- No marks deducted from incorrect answers
- A four-function, scientific, or graphing calculator is allowed
- 50% weight
Free-Response Questions
- Time: 90 minutes
- 6 FRQ Questions
- Question 1: Interpreting and Evaluating Experimental Results (8–10 pts)
- Question 2: Interpreting and Evaluating Experimental Results with Graphing (8–10 pts)
- Question 3: Scientific Investigation (4 pts)
- Question 4: Conceptual Analysis (4 pts)
- Question 5: Analyze Model or Visual Representation (4 pts)
- Question 6: Analyze Data (4 pts)
- No marks deducted from incorrect answers
- A four-function, scientific, or graphing calculator is allowed
- 50% weight
Unit 1: Exploring One-Variable Data
- 1.1 Introducing Statistics: What Can We Learn from Data?
- 1.2 The Language of Variation: Variables
- 1.3 Representing a Categorical Variable with Tables
- 1.4 Representing a Categorical Variable with Graphs
- 1.5 Representing a Quantitative Variable with Graphs
- 1.6 Describing the Distribution of a Quantitative Variable
- 1.7 Summary Statistics for a Quantitative Variable
- 1.8 Graphical Representations of Summary Statistics
- 1.9 Comparing Distributions of a Quantitative Variable
- 1.10 The Normal Distribution
Unit 2: Exploring Two-Variable Data
- 2.1 Introducing Statistics: Are Variables Related?
- 2.2 Representing Two Categorical Variables
- 2.3 Statistics for Two Categorical Variables
- 2.4 Representing the Relationship Between Two Quantitative Variables
- 2.5 Correlation
- 2.6 Linear Regression Models
- 2.7 Residuals
- 2.8 Least Squares 2 Regression
- 2.9 Analyzing Departures from Linearity
Unit 4: Probability, Random Variables, and Probability Distributions
- 4.1 Introducing Statistics: Random and Non-Random Patterns?
- 4.2 2 Estimating Probabilities Using Simulation
- 4.3 Introduction to Probability
- 4.4 Mutually Exclusive Events
- 4.5 Conditional Probability
- 4.6 Independent Events and Unions of Events
- 4.7 Introduction to Random Variables and Probability Distributions
- 4.8 Mean and Standard Deviation of Random Variables
- 4.9 Combining Random Variables
- 4.10 Introduction to the Binomial Distribution
- 4.11 Parameters for a Binomial Distribution
- 4.12 The Geometric Distribution
Unit 5: Sampling Distributions
- 5.1 Introducing Statistics: Why Is My Sample Not Like Yours?
- 5.2 The Normal Distribution, Revisited
- 5.3 The Central Limit Theorem
- 5.4 Biased and Unbiased Point Estimates
- 5.5 Sampling Distributions for Sample Proportions
- 5.6 Sampling Distributions for Differences in Sample Proportions
- 5.7 Sampling Distributions for Sample Means
- 5.8 Sampling Distributions for Differences in Sample Means
Unit 6: Inference for Categorical Data: Proportions
- 6.1 Introducing Statistics: Why Be Normal?
- 6.2 Constructing a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion
- 6.3 Justifying a Claim Based on a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion
- 6.4 Setting Up a Test for a Population Proportion
- 6.5 Interpreting p-Values
- 6.6 Concluding a Test for a Population Proportion
- 6.7 Potential Errors When Performing Tests
- 6.8 Confidence Intervals for the Difference of Two Proportions
- 6.9 Justifying a Claim Based on a Confidence Interval for a Difference of Population Proportions
- 6.10 Setting Up a Test for the Difference of Two Population Proportions
- 6.11 Carrying Out a Test for the Difference of Two Population Proportions
Unit 7: Inference for Quantitative Data: Means
- 7.1 Introducing Statistics: Should I Worry About Error?
- 7.2 Constructing a Confidence Interval for a Population Mean
- 7.3 Justifying a Claim About a Population Mean Based on a Confidence Interval
- 7.4 Setting Up a Test for a Population Mean
- 7.5 Carrying Out a Test for a Population Mean
- 7.6 Confidence Intervals for the Difference of Two Means
- 7.7 Justifying a Claim About the Difference of Two Means Based on a Confidence Interval
- 7.8 Setting Up a Test for the Difference of Two Population Means
- 7.9 Carrying Out a Test for the Difference of Two Population Means
- 7.10 Skills Focus: Selecting, Implementing, and Communicating Inference Procedures
Unit 8: Inference for Categorical Data: Chi-Square
- 8.1 Introducing Statistics: Are My Results Unexpected?
- 8.2 Setting Up a Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test
- 8.3 Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit
- 8.4 Expected Counts in Two-Way Tables
- 8.5 Setting Up a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence
- 8.6 Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence
- 8.7 Skills Focus: Selecting an Appropriate Inference Procedure for Categorical Data
Unit 9: Inference for Quantitative Data: Slopes
- 9.1 Introducing Statistics: Do Those Points Align?
- 9.2 Confidence Intervals for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.3 Justifying a Claim About the Slope of a Regression Model Based on a Confidence Interval
- 9.4 Setting Up a Test for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.5 Carrying Out a Test for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.6 Skills Focus: Selecting an Appropriate Inference Procedure
Free-Response Questions(FRQs)
MCQs
- Time: 45 minutes
- 35 multiple – choice questions (core)
- No marks deducted from incorrect answers
- A four-function, scientific, or graphing calculator is allowed
- 50% weight
Free-Response Questions
- Time: 45 minutes
- 3 Questions
- No marks deducted from incorrect answers
- A four-function, scientific, or graphing calculator is allowed
- 50% weight
Unit 1: Exploring One-Variable Data
- 1.1 Introducing Statistics: What Can We Learn from Data?
- 1.2 The Language of Variation: Variables
- 1.3 Representing a Categorical Variable with Tables
- 1.4 Representing a Categorical Variable with Graphs
- 1.5 Representing a Quantitative Variable with Graphs
- 1.6 Describing the Distribution of a Quantitative Variable
- 1.7 Summary Statistics for a Quantitative Variable
- 1.8 Graphical Representations of Summary Statistics
- 1.9 Comparing Distributions of a Quantitative Variable
- 1.10 The Normal Distribution
Unit 2: Exploring Two-Variable Data
- 2.1 Introducing Statistics: Are Variables Related?
- 2.2 Representing Two Categorical Variables
- 2.3 Statistics for Two Categorical Variables
- 2.4 Representing the Relationship Between Two Quantitative Variables
- 2.5 Correlation
- 2.6 Linear Regression Models
- 2.7 Residuals
- 2.8 Least Squares 2 Regression
- 2.9 Analyzing Departures from Linearity
Unit 4: Probability, Random Variables, and Probability Distributions
- 4.1 Introducing Statistics: Random and Non-Random Patterns?
- 4.2 2 Estimating Probabilities Using Simulation
- 4.3 Introduction to Probability
- 4.4 Mutually Exclusive Events
- 4.5 Conditional Probability
- 4.6 Independent Events and Unions of Events
- 4.7 Introduction to Random Variables and Probability Distributions
- 4.8 Mean and Standard Deviation of Random Variables
- 4.9 Combining Random Variables
- 4.10 Introduction to the Binomial Distribution
- 4.11 Parameters for a Binomial Distribution
- 4.12 The Geometric Distribution
Unit 5: Sampling Distributions
- 5.1 Introducing Statistics: Why Is My Sample Not Like Yours?
- 5.2 The Normal Distribution, Revisited
- 5.3 The Central Limit Theorem
- 5.4 Biased and Unbiased Point Estimates
- 5.5 Sampling Distributions for Sample Proportions
- 5.6 Sampling Distributions for Differences in Sample Proportions
- 5.7 Sampling Distributions for Sample Means
- 5.8 Sampling Distributions for Differences in Sample Means
Unit 6: Inference for Categorical Data: Proportions
- 6.1 Introducing Statistics: Why Be Normal?
- 6.2 Constructing a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion
- 6.3 Justifying a Claim Based on a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion
- 6.4 Setting Up a Test for a Population Proportion
- 6.5 Interpreting p-Values
- 6.6 Concluding a Test for a Population Proportion
- 6.7 Potential Errors When Performing Tests
- 6.8 Confidence Intervals for the Difference of Two Proportions
- 6.9 Justifying a Claim Based on a Confidence Interval for a Difference of Population Proportions
- 6.10 Setting Up a Test for the Difference of Two Population Proportions
- 6.11 Carrying Out a Test for the Difference of Two Population Proportions
Unit 7: Inference for Quantitative Data: Means
- 7.1 Introducing Statistics: Should I Worry About Error?
- 7.2 Constructing a Confidence Interval for a Population Mean
- 7.3 Justifying a Claim About a Population Mean Based on a Confidence Interval
- 7.4 Setting Up a Test for a Population Mean
- 7.5 Carrying Out a Test for a Population Mean
- 7.6 Confidence Intervals for the Difference of Two Means
- 7.7 Justifying a Claim About the Difference of Two Means Based on a Confidence Interval
- 7.8 Setting Up a Test for the Difference of Two Population Means
- 7.9 Carrying Out a Test for the Difference of Two Population Means
- 7.10 Skills Focus: Selecting, Implementing, and Communicating Inference Procedures
Unit 8: Inference for Categorical Data: Chi-Square
- 8.1 Introducing Statistics: Are My Results Unexpected?
- 8.2 Setting Up a Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test
- 8.3 Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit
- 8.4 Expected Counts in Two-Way Tables
- 8.5 Setting Up a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence
- 8.6 Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity or Independence
- 8.7 Skills Focus: Selecting an Appropriate Inference Procedure for Categorical Data
Unit 9: Inference for Quantitative Data: Slopes
- 9.1 Introducing Statistics: Do Those Points Align?
- 9.2 Confidence Intervals for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.3 Justifying a Claim About the Slope of a Regression Model Based on a Confidence Interval
- 9.4 Setting Up a Test for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.5 Carrying Out a Test for the Slope of a Regression Model
- 9.6 Skills Focus: Selecting an Appropriate Inference Procedure