AS & A Level Chemistry 3.6 Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties : Exam Style Questions Paper 1

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Question:

In which substance are the only intermolecular forces temporary dipole-induced dipole attractions?

A hydrogen chloride
B methanol
C octane
D water

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

In which of the following, when in liquid form, are there only intermolecular forces based on temporary dipoles between the particles?
A bromine
B ethanol
C hydrogen chloride
D water

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Copper has a high melting point.
What is the reason for the high melting point of copper?
A strong attractive forces between copper atoms only
B strong attractive forces between copper ions and delocalised electrons
C strong attractive forces between copper ions only
D strong attractive forces between copper atoms and delocalised electrons

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question:

The strong hydrogen bonding present in liquid water causes an increase in which properties?

1 viscosity
2 boiling point
3 surface tension

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

The boiling points of methane, ethane, propane and butane are given.

Which statement explains the increase in boiling point from methane to butane?
A Closer packing of molecules results in stronger van der Waals’ forces.
B More covalent bonds are present and therefore more energy is required to break the bonds.
C More electrons in the molecules results in stronger van der Waals’ forces.
D More hydrogen atoms in the molecules results in stronger hydrogen bonding.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Which molecules have an overall dipole moment?
1 carbon monoxide, $\mathrm{CO}$
2 phosphine, $\mathrm{PH}_3$
3 carbon dioxide, $\mathrm{CO}_2$

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Elements X, Y and Z are all in the first two periods of the Periodic Table.
Their Pauling electronegativity values, $E_N$, are shown.

Substances exist with formulae XZ, YZ and $Z_2$.
Which row puts these substances in order of increasing melting point?

Answer/Explanation

Ans: C

Question

The boiling points of some hydrogen halides are shown.

What is the explanation for the trend in boiling point for the hydrogen halides from HCl to HI?
A The bond energies of the hydrogen halides increase from HCl to HI.
B There is an increase in the strength of the intermolecular forces of attraction from HCl to HI.
C The intermolecular hydrogen bonds become stronger from HCl to HI.
D There is an increase in the bond polarity from HCl to HI.

Answer/Explanation

Ans: B

Question

For which pair is the boiling point of the first compound higher than the boiling point of the second compound?
A $CH_3CH_2OH$ and $CH_3CH_2SH$
B $CH_3CO_2CH_3$ and $CH_3CH_2CO_2H$
C $CH_3OCH_3$ and $CH_3CH_2OH$
D $CH_3CH_2CHO$ and $CH_3CH_2CO_2H$

Answer/Explanation

Ans: A

Question

Which type of interaction exists between water molecules and metal cations in aqueous solution?

A dipole-dipole interactions
B hydrogen bonds
C ion-dipole interactions
D ionic bonds

Answer/Explanation

Answer C

Question

Liquids X and Y do not react with one another. They have identical boiling points.

When a particular volume of X is shaken with a similar volume of Y, they form a liquid mixture Z. The average intermolecular forces in liquid Z are stronger than the average of the forces in X and the forces in Y.

Which deductions from this information are correct?

1 The mixing of X and Y is exothermic.
2 The vapour pressure of liquid Z will be less than that of either liquid X or liquid Y at the same temperature.
3 The boiling point of liquid Z will be lower than that of either liquid X or liquid Y at the same pressure.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Answer B

Question

Liquids X and Y do not react with one another. They have identical boiling points.

Which deductions from this information are correct?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Answer B

Question

What is the oxidation number of sulfur in each species?

Answer/Explanation

Answer A

Question

Ethanal, CH₃CHO, ethanol, C₂H₅OH, and methoxymethane, CH₃OCH₃, are three organic compounds.

Which compound has the highest boiling point and what is the interaction that causes this boiling point to be the highest?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Answer C

Question

Which statements are correct?

1 The hydrogen bonds in ice are more regularly arranged than in water.

2 The solidification of water to form ice is exothermic.

3 Pure water is less dense than ice.

Answer/Explanation

Answer B

Question

Which molecule has no overall dipole?

A CH₃Cl B CH₂Cl₂ C CHCl₃ D CCl

Answer/Explanation

Answer D

Question

Which compound has a boiling point that is influenced by hydrogen bonding?

A CH₃CHO B CH₃OCH₃ C HCO₂CH₃ D HCO₂H

Answer/Explanation

Answer D

Question

Which molecule has the largest overall dipole?

Answer/Explanation

Ans: B

Question

At room temperature and pressure, H₂O is a liquid and H₂S is a gas.

What is the reason for this difference?

A O has higher first and second ionisation energies than S.

B The covalent bond between O and H is stronger than the covalent bond between S and H.

C There is significant hydrogen bonding between H₂O molecules but not between H₂ molecules.

D The instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between H₂O molecules are stronger than the instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between H₂S molecules.

Answer/Explanation

Answer: C

Question

Nitrogen, $N_{2}$, and carbon monoxide, CO, both have$ M_{r}$ = 28.
The boiling point of $N_{2}$ is 77K. The boiling point of CO is 82K.
What could be responsible for this difference in boiling points?

A CO molecules have a permanent dipole, the $N_{2}$ molecules are not polar.
B $N_{2}$ has σ and π bonding, CO has σ bonding only.
C $ N_{2}$ has a strong N≡N bond, CO has a C=O bond.
D The CO molecule has more electrons than the $N_{2}$ molecule.

Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

P and Q are two liquid compounds with similar Mr values. Molecules of P attract each other by
hydrogen bonds. Molecules of Q attract each other by van der Waals’ forces only.
How do the properties of P and Q differ?
1 P has a higher surface tension than Q.
2 P is less soluble in water than Q.
3 P has a lower melting point than Q

The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

Answer/Explanation

.Ans:D

Question

Pollutant oxide Y, which contains non-metallic element X, is formed in a car engine. Further oxidation of Y to Z occurs in the atmosphere. In this further oxidation, 1mol of Y reacts with 0.5mol of gaseous oxygen molecules. X could be either nitrogen or sulfur. Which statements about X, Y and Z can be correct?
1 The oxidation number of X increases by two from Y to Z.
2 Y has an unpaired electron in its molecule.
3 Y is a polar molecule.

The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Which molecular structure will have the smallest overall dipole?

Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

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