Topic 2. Passport to advanced mathematics
- 2.1 Solving quadratic equations
- 2.2 Interpreting nonlinear expressions
- 2.3 Manipulating quadratic and exponential expressions
- 2.4 Radicals and rational exponents
- 2.5 Radical and rational equations
- 2.6 Operations with polynomials
- 2.7 Polynomial factors and graphs
- 2.8 Graphing quadratic functions
- 2.9 Graphing exponential functions
- 2.10 Linear and quadratic systems
- 2.11 Structure in Quadratic expressions
- 2.12 Isolating quantities
- 2.13 Function notation
Topic 3. Problem solving and data analysis
SAT Math Section Exam Pattern
The Math section of the SAT is used to analyse the mathematical aptitude of the candidates. With the new changes to the SAT exam pattern, candidates will now be able to use calculators for the entire Math section of an SAT.
| Number of Questions | 58 |
| Duration | 80 minutes |
| Types of Questions | Multiple Choice Questions |
| Questions |
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Syllabus Details : Heart of Algebra
Solving linear equations and linear inequalities
- Solve linear equations
- Type: \(3x-0.6=1.8\) What value of \(x\) satisfies the equation above
- Type: If \(2x-4=5-x\) what is the value of \(x\) ?
- Type: What is the solution to the equation \(\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{7} \)
- Type: \(-2(x-7)=2\) what is the value of \(x\)
- Type: \(2x+5y=1\) and \(x=5\) what is the value of \(2y\)
- Type: If \(3x-1=5\), what is the value of \(x-40\) ?
- Type: solve for \(\left |2x+1 \right |=10\)
- Solve linear inequalities
- Type: What values of \(x\) satisfy the inequality \(5x+1>7\)
- Recognize the conditions under which a linear equation has one solution, no solution, and infinitely many solutions
- Type: \(2x−4=a(x−2)\) If \(a=2\), is the equation above, what value of \(x\) satisfies the equation?
Understanding linear relationships
- basics of linear relationships.
- writing linear equations based on word problems
- important features of linear functions
- Type: Tobias rented a kayak from a sports equipment store. For the rental, the store charged \($\)60 per day plus \($25\) for delivery. If Tobias was charged a total of \($\)325, for how many days did he rent the kayak?
- Type: The width of a rectangular vegetable garden is \(W\) feet. The length of the garden is 16 feet longer than its width. Which of the following expresses the perimeter, in feet, of the vegetable garden in terms of \(W\) ?
linear inequalities
- Type : Hammer can harvest at least 48 pounds of honey from her bee colony. If he wants to package the honey harvest in \(1.51\) pound jars, what is the minimum number of jars he can fill?
- Type : Laila wants to buy at least 40 prizes for rewarding her students throughout the semester. The prize pool will be made of small and large prizes, which cost $3 and $5 each respectively. Her budget for the prizes can be no more than $100. She wants to buy at least 15 small prizes and at least 5 large prizes. Which of the following systems of inequalities represents the conditions described if x is the number of small prizes and y is the number of large prizes?
Graphing linear equations
- features of linear graphs from their equations
- Write linear equations based on graphical features
- Determine the equations of parallel and perpendicular lines
- Identify solutions to systems of linear inequalities as regions in the \(xy\) plane
Solving systems of linear equations
- solve systems of linear equations algebraically: substitution and elimination.
- systems of linear equations have one solution, no solutions, or infinitely many solutions: graphically
Syllabus Details : Passport to Advanced Math
Solving quadratic equations
- Solve quadratic equations in several different ways
- Determine the number of solutions to a quadratic equation without solving
Non-linear expressions
- Area of a rectangle
- Height versus time
- Population growth and decline
- Compounding interest
Exponential expressions
- change time units
- Adding and subtracting exponential expressions
- Multiplying and dividing exponential expressions
- exponent operations to rational exponents
Radicals and rational exponents
- Rational exponents refer to exponents that can be represented as fractions \(\frac{1}{3},5,\frac{2}{5}\) etc..
- Radicals are another way to write rational exponents. For example, \(x^{\frac{1}{2}}\; and\; \sqrt{x}\) are equivalent.
- Exponent operations to rational exponents
- Equivalent rational and radical expressions
Operations with polynomials
- adding and subtracting polynomials
- multiplying two polynomials
Polynomial factors and graphs
- factors of polynomial functions to the \(x\)-intercepts of polynomial graphs
- polynomial remainder theorem
- The polynomial remainder theorem states that when a polynomial function \(p(x)\) is divided by \(x-a\), the remainder of the division is equal to \(p(a)\), left parenthesis, a, right parenthesis.
- determine the zeros of a polynomial function
- \(x\)-intercepts, \(y\)-intercept and end behavior
Graphing quadratic functions
- features of a parabola
- function at several different values of \(x\)
- input-output pairs as points in the \(xy\)-plane.
- Sketch a parabola that passes through the points
Graphing exponential functions
- Graphing exponential growth & decay
- Using points to sketch an exponential graph
- y-intercept ,
- slope of the graph positive or negative,
- value of y as the value of x becomes very large
- shift the horizontal asymptote
- shift the y-intercept
Linear and quadratic system
- graphs of linear and quadratic systems
- number of solutions for linear and quadratic systems
- solve linear and quadratic systems algebraically
- solutions to linear and quadratic systems from graphs
Structure in quadratic expressions
- Factoring quadratic expressions
- factor by grouping
- Special factoring
- Square of sum
- Square of difference
- Difference of squares
Isolating quantities
- Using equations and formulas with multiple variables
- Manipulating formulas
- Translate the word problem or given context into an equation.
- Like solving equations, but with more variables
Function Notation
- Evaluating functions algebraically and using tables
- Determine inputs and outputs using tables
- Evaluating composite functions algebraically and using tables \(f(g(x))\)
Syllabus Details : Problem Solving and Data Analysis
Ratios, rates, and proportions
- Identify and express ratios
- Part-to-part ratio
- Part-to-whole ratio
- Word problems using proportions
- Applying a per unit rate
- \(speed=\frac{distance}{time}\)
- \(price=\frac{total price}{units purchased}\)
Percentages
- percentages using part and whole values
- equivalent forms of percentages
- Calculating a percent value
- Finding complementary percentages
- Switching between forms of percentages
- Calculating percent change
Unit conversion
- Applying unit to unit ratios
- Converting units within rates
Table data
- Read two-way frequency table
- calculate proportions and probabilities
- Use proportions and probabilities to find missing values
- find missing values
Scatterplots
- line of best fit to describe scatterplots
- Make predictions using the line of best fit
- Fit functions to scatterplots
Key features of graphs
- Bar graphs, dot plots, and histograms
- Reading bar graphs
- Reading line graphs
- draw line graphs based on verbal descriptions
- line graphs
Linear and exponential growth
- two variables have a linear or exponential relationship based on their values
- Linear
- Changes (i.e., increases or decreases) at a constant rate
- Changes by \(c\) per unit of time.
- Exponential
- Changes by ,\(c%\) percent of the initial value per unit of time
- Changes by a factor of \(c\) (e.g., halves, doubles) per unit of time
- real-world scenario exhibits linear or exponential growth
- Writing equations based on tables
Data inferences
- Estimating using sample proportions
- estimate=sample proportion⋅population
- margin of error
- range=estimate ± margin of error
Center, spread, and shape of distributions
- mean, median, and mode.
- range and standard deviation
- The effect of outliers
- Missing value given the mean
Data collection and conclusion
- good and bad sampling methods
- Sampling methods and their implications
- Correlation and causality
- Identifying study types
- Sample surveys
- correlation and causation.
Probability
- \(Probability=\frac{desired \: outcome}{all \: possible \: outcome}\)
- “odds” of any particular event
- get tails or head if you flip a coin
- Either/Or Probability
- Conditional Probability
Syllabus Details : Problem Solving and Data Analysis
Volume word problems
- volumes and dimensions of three-dimensional solids
- dimension changes affect volume
- Volume of a cone
- Impact of increasing the radius
Right triangle problems
- Pythagorean theorem
- Calculating missing side lengths in right triangles
- Using trigonometric ratios to find side lengths
- Recognizing Pythagorean triples
- sine, cosine, and tangent of similar triangles
- sine and cosine of complementary angles
Congruence and similarity
- Finding angles in triangles
- Triangles, vertical angles, and supplementary angles
- Triangles and parallel lines
- proportional relationships using similarity
Length, perimeter, Area, Angles, arc lengths, and trig functions
- Convert between radians and degrees
- Special right triangles in circles
- Trigonometry using radian measures
- unit circle
- \(x=rcos\theta =cos\theta \)
- \(y=rsin\theta =sin\theta\)
\(\frac{y}{x}=tan\theta\)
Circle theorems
- central angle, arc length, and sector area
- \(\frac{central \: angle}{360^o} =\frac{arc \: length}{circumference}=\frac{sector \: area}{circle \: area}\)
- Circumference of a circle \(C=2\pi r\)
- Area of a circle \(A=\pi r^2\)
- Number of degrees of arc in a circle \(360\)
Circle equations
- Standard form equation of a circle
- In the \(xy\)-plane, a circle with center \((h, k)\) and radius \(r\) has the equation:
- \((x-h)^2 +(y-k)^2 = r^2\)
- Rewriting circle equations in standard form
Complex numbers
- square roots of negative numbers
- complex number \(z=a+ib\)
- add and subtract complex numbers
- multiply and divide complex numbers