(a)(i)
Earth has greater mass ORA
Gravitational field strength at a planet’s surface depends on its mass and radius. Since Earth and Venus are similar in size, the planet with the greater mass (Earth) exerts a stronger gravitational pull on objects at its surface.
(a)(ii)
243 (Earth days)
5832 ÷ 24
idea that one rotation on its axis equals one day
One day on a planet is the time it takes to complete one full rotation on its axis. Venus takes 5832 hours to rotate once. To convert this time into Earth days, divide the total hours by the number of hours in one Earth day (24).
(a)(iii)
360 (s)
\(108.2\times 10^9 ÷ 3.0\times 10^8\)
speed = distance ÷ time OR (t =) s ÷ v
conversion 1 km = 1000 m
The time taken for light to travel from the Sun to Venus is calculated using the formula time = distance / speed. The distance must first be converted from kilometers to meters by multiplying by 1000. This distance is then divided by the speed of light in a vacuum.
(b)
distance
travelled (in space) by light in one year owtte
A light-year is a unit of astronomical distance, not time. It is defined as the total distance that a beam of light, moving at a constant speed in the vacuum of space, can travel in the duration of one Earth year.
