BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Biotechnology is the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes.
- It involves input from:
- Engineering
- Cell and Molecular Biology
- Computer Science
- Bio chemistry
- Virology
- Genetics
- Microbiology
- Physiology
- EtC.
Recombinant DNA Technology works by taking BNA from 2 different sources and combining that DNA into a single moleare when that DNA is reproduced, DNA cloning takes place. Recombinant DNA is a molecule that combines DNA from 2 different sources. There are 6 steps of Recombinant DNA
- Isolating
- cutting
- Joining
- Transforming
- Cloning
- Selecting
DNA Cloning has been taken to many levels. For now, let’s focuS on E. Coli. DNA cloning is creating identical copies of a piece of DNA.
Hybrid Animals are examples of animals created by two different species of animals. Examples:
- Through Biotechnology, sequencing the human genome (all the genes + some extra) that help create an organism). The first human genome was sequenced in 2003 . It took 20 years to do 50 , and cost over 3 billion dollars.
- In sequencing a human genome, first, the genes are broken down into smaller pieces. Then, scientists use enzymes to mate thousands of replicas of the same gene. To read this, scientists give a distinct colour to each letter that shows a base $(A, C, T, G)$. A mixture of these colored letters and enzymes is then added to the genome trying to be read. On each of the genome stop, one of the $c$ loured letters binds to its pposite $(A-T$ and $(-G)$. cientists take pictures of these colours. Seeing the rider of the colour allows – read the sequence. muter programs “stich” ether the millions of ers. Scientists are still! orking on how to decipher information the sum of these genes determines our characteristics.
- Another of the feats of Biotechnology is 30 organ Prising. 3P organ pRinting is the use of a 30 printer to “print” living organs.
- First, a scan of the patient is made, detecting how the organ needs to look This is made by a rotating Scanner.
- Then, a sample of cells is used to make a “living ink”. This is slowly poured down, and using a computer program, and a 3D printer, the organ is sharp It is then placed in the incubator, which provides a similar environment to that of the human body
BLOOD GROUP CHART (can take from)
