IB myp 4-5 Chemistry – Practice Questions- All Topics
Topic :Matter–states and properties of matter
Topic :Matter- Weightage : 21 %
All Questions for Topic : states and properties of matter,particle/kinetic theory,diffusion,atomic structure [including isotopes],electron configuration and valency
Question (15 marks)
In cooking, and in particular the manufacture of sweets, the mass of sugar in the starting mixture will determine what type of sweets can be produced. It is important to determine the maximum mass of sugar that can be dissolved in 100 cm3 of water. A student decided to collect data to find out the maximum mass of sugar that can be dissolved at different temperatures. The student’s raw data is shown below.
Question a (3 marks)
Present the student’s raw data collected during the experiment in a table:
- 100°C – 480.00 g
- 0.00°C – 200.00 g
- 40°C – 250.00 g
- 60°C – 365.00 g
- 20°C – 210.00 g
- 80°C – 370.00 g
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
| Temperature (°C) | Maximum mass of sugar (g) |
|---|---|
| 0.00 | 200.00 |
| 20.00 | 210.00 |
| 40.00 | 250.00 |
| 60.00 | 365.00 |
| 80.00 | 370.00 |
| 100.00 | 480.00 |
Explanation:
The table organizes the raw data in ascending temperature order with proper units and consistent decimal places, showing the clear relationship between temperature and sugar solubility.
Question b (5 marks)
Present the data in part (a) in a graph with properly labeled axes.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Graph requirements:
- Scatter plot with temperature (°C) on x-axis
- Mass of sugar (g) on y-axis
- Proper scaling (0-100°C on x, 0-500g on y)
- All data points plotted accurately
- Line of best fit showing positive correlation
Explanation:
The graph should visually demonstrate how sugar solubility increases with temperature, with clear labels and appropriate scaling to show the relationship.
Question c (1 mark)
A second student repeated the investigation and plotted their results in the graphs below. Select the graph that shows the most appropriate line of best fit.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Graph C
Explanation:
Graph C shows the best representation of the general trend without forcing the line through all points, allowing for some experimental error while still showing the clear positive relationship.
Question d (2 marks)
Use the graphs in part (c) to identify the data point that is an outlier. Suggest what the expected mass of sugar would be.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
The point at 60°C (365g) is the outlier. The expected mass should be approximately 300g based on the trend line.
Explanation:
This point deviates significantly from the otherwise smooth curve, likely due to measurement error in mass or temperature during that trial.
Question e (4 marks)
Candy floss is made from pure sugar with added coloring using the following process:
Part 1: Select the state of sugar in each location:
1. Sugar inside the spinning container:
2. Sugar in the collection bowl:
Part 2: Select how the sugar would behave if placed in another container at room temperature:
1. Sugar from inside the spinning container:
2. Sugar from the collection bowl:
▶️Answer/Explanation
Correct Answers:
Part 1 – States of Matter:
- Inside spinning container: liquid (molten sugar at 160°C)
- In collection bowl: solid (cooled sugar threads)
Part 2 – Behavior:
- From spinning container: Takes the shape of the container (liquid property)
- From collection bowl: No change of shape when changing container (solid property)
Explanation:
The process demonstrates phase changes:
- Solid sugar → Liquid (melting at high temperature in the spinner)
- Liquid → Solid (rapid cooling when extruded as thin threads)
Liquids flow and take container shape, while solids maintain their fixed form. The temperature change drives these physical state transformations.