Question 1
Topic: 1.1 Characteristics of living organisms
What is a description of excretion?
A) a chemical reaction that releases energy
B) a permanent increase in size and dry mass
C) removal of waste products of metabolism
D) taking in materials for energy, growth and development
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 2
Topic: 1.2 Concept and uses of classification systems
The scientific name for a domestic horse is Equus caballus.
Which row shows the two parts of the name using the binomial system?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 3
Topic: 2.1 Cell structure
The diagram shows a type of plant cell.
Where does this type of cell come from?
A) root
B) cuticle
C) palisade mesophyll
D) spongy mesophyll
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 4
Topic: 2.2 Size of specimens
What is the formula for calculating magnification?
A) \( \frac{actual size}{image size}\)
B) actual size × image size
C) \(\frac{imaze size}{actual size}\)
D) image size × actual size
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 5
Topic: 3.1 Diffusion
The diagram represents a substance moving across a cell membrane, using energy from respiration.
Which method of transport does the diagram represent?
A) active transport
B) diffusion
C) evaporation
D) osmosis
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 6
Topic: 4.1 Biological molecules
Which food-testing reagent shows a positive result when it turns from blue to purple?
A) Benedict’s solution
B) biuret
C) ethanol
D) iodine solution
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 7
Topic: 5.1 Enzymes
What are the characteristics of an enzyme?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 8
Topic: 5.1 Enzymes
An enzyme in potato cells causes oxygen to be produced from the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.
Cubes of potato tissue were placed in a hydrogen peroxide solution at different temperatures.
The number of bubbles of oxygen released per minute was counted at each temperature.
The table shows the results.
The results suggest the optimum temperature for the enzyme is between which two values?
A) 15 °C and 35 °C
B) 35 °C and 45 °C
C) 35 °C and 55 °C
D) 45 °C and 55 °C
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 9
Topic: 13.1 Excretion in humans
Which molecules contain nitrogen?
A) amino acids
B) fats
C) glucose
D) starch
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 10
Topic: 6.2 Leaf structure
The photomicrograph shows the lower surface of a leaf.
Which part of the leaf is labelled X?
A) guard cell
B) palisade cell
C) stoma
D) xylem vessel
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 11
Topic: 7.4 Chemical digestion
Which row shows the correct enzyme, its substrate and the site of enzyme action in the alimentary canal?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 12
Topic: 8.3 Transpiration
A student set up the experiment shown in the diagram on a hot and dry day. The air bubble moved towards the leafy shoot by 30 mm in 1 hour.
The student was asked to predict and explain the result that would have been obtained on a hot and humid day.
Which row is correct?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 13
Topic: 8.4 Translocation
Which statement describes the process of translocation?
A) the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink
B) the movement of sucrose and water in the phloem from the sink to the source
C) the movement of sucrose and amino acids in the phloem from the source to the sink
D) the movement of water and amino acids in the xylem from the source to the sink
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 14
Topic: 9.2 Heart
The diagram shows the human heart.
What are the semilunar valves?
A) W and X
B) W and Z
C) X and Y
D) Y and Z
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 15
Topic: 9.4 Blood
Which component of the blood transports hormones?
A) plasma
B) platelets
C) red blood cells
D) white blood cells
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 16
Topic: 10.1 Diseases and immunity
During the process of vaccination, what stimulates an immune response?
A) antibodies
B) antigens
C) lymphocytes
D) phagocytes
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 17
Topic: 11.1 Gas exchange in humans
Muscles are responsible for the ventilation of the lungs during breathing.
Which row describes their action during the inspiration of air?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 18
Topic: 12.3 Anaerobic respiration
Which molecule is a product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
A) \(C_{2}H_{5}OH\)
B) \(C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}\)
C) \(H_{2}O\)
D) \(O_{2}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 19
Topic: 13.1 Excretion in humans
In a kidney nephron, which substances are filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?
A) glucose, protein, ions and water
B) glucose, protein, urea and water
C) glucose, ions, urea and water
D) ions, urea and water only
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 20
Topic: 14.2 Sense organs
How many types of cone cells are there in the human eye?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 21
Topic: 14.5 Tropic responses
The diagram shows a plant shoot growing towards the light.
Which row describes where auxin is produced, and which side of the shoot has the lowest concentration of auxin?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 22
Topic – 15.1 Drugs
Which statement about antibiotics is correct?
A) Antibiotics are produced by memory cells.
B) Antibiotics are used to treat rickets.
C) Antibiotics are used to treat viral infections.
D) Antibiotics should only be used when essential.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 23
Topic: 16.1 Asexual reproduction
The diagram shows a strawberry plant.
Which labelled part of the plant can only be produced by asexual reproduction?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 24
Topic: 16.3 Sexual reproduction in plants
Which part of a flower can contain a pollen tube?
A) anther
B) filament
C) stamen
D) style
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 25
Topic: 20.4 Conservation
To avoid extinction of rare plant species, a botanical garden keeps a collection of seeds known as a seed bank.
Which condition will prevent these seeds germinating while they are in storage?
A) high humidity
B) high oxygen levels
C) low light intensity
D) low temperature
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 26
Topic: 16.5 Sex hormones in humans
The graph shows the changes to the thickness of the lining of the uterus during the menstrual cycle.
Which hormone is responsible for the change to the thickness of the lining of the uterus shown between days 5 and 16?
A) FSH
B) LH
C) Estrogen
D) progesterone
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 27
Topic: 16.5 Sex hormones in humans
Which hormone concentrations are high during pregnancy?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 28
Topic: 16.6 Sexually transmitted infections
By which route would an HIV infection not be transmissible?
A) blood
B) saliva
C) sharing needles for injections
D) semen
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 29
Topic: 16.2 Sexual reproduction
Which description of a human gamete is correct?
A) a diploid cell with 23 chromosomes
B) a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes
C) a haploid cell with 23 chromosomes
D) a haploid cell with 46 chromosomes
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 30
Topic: 17.3 Meiosis
Which statements about meiosis are correct?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 31
Topic: 17.4 Monohybrid inheritance
A female parent who is heterozygous for red-green colour blindness has a female child with a red-green colour-blind male parent.
What is the chance of the female child being colour-blind?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 32
Topic: 17.4 Monohybrid inheritance
A pure-breeding plant with smooth stems was crossed with a heterozygous plant with hairy stems.
What will be the ratio of hairy to smooth stems in the resulting plants?
A) 1 hairy : 1 smooth
B) 1 hairy : 3 smooth
C) 3 hairy : 1 smooth
D) all hairy
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 33
Topic: 18.2 Adaptive features
Which row shows the adaptive features of a xerophyte?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 34
Topic: 19.2 Food chains and food webs
The diagram shows a marine food web.
At which trophic levels is the cod found?
A) primary consumer and secondary consumer
B) secondary consumer and tertiary consumer
C) secondary consumer only
D) tertiary consumer only
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 35
Topic: 19.3 Nutrient cycles
The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.
Which labelled arrow would have the balanced chemical equation
\(6CO_{2}\)+ \(6H_{2}O\) → \(C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}\) + \(6O_{2}\)?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 36
Topic: 19.4 Populations
Which statement explains why there is a lag phase in a population graph?
A) The build-up of waste products limits population growth.
B) The low population size limits the birth rate.
C) The number of births is equal to the number of deaths.
D) The number of deaths is greater than the number of births.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 37
Topic: 20.3 Pollution
The flow chart describes the process of eutrophication.
What should be at step X and step Y in the flow chart?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Quesstion 38
Topic: 20.4 Conservation
How can fish stocks be conserved?
A) closed seasons
B) decreased mesh size
C) increased quotas
D) reduction in protected areas
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 39
Topic: 21.2 Biotechnology
Penicillin is produced in a fermenter by growing the fungus Penicillium. The graph shows how the mass of living Penicillium fungus and the concentration of penicillin change over time.
When is the best time to collect the penicillin?
A) at 1.5 days
B) at 3.0 days
C) at 3.5 days
D) at 5.0 days
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 40
Topic: 21.3 Genetic modification
Which enzymes are required to produce human proteins, using genetic modification?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C