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IB MYP 4-5 Biology Revision Resources

IB MYP 4-5 Biology Revision Resources - New Syllabus

IB MYP 4-5 Biology Revision Resources

IB MYP 4-5 Biology Revision Resources includes Exam Style Questions , Study Notes and syllabus details. These materials will help ace IB MYP 4-5 Biology eAssessment exam. 

Master IB MYP 4-5 Biology with concise revision notes, syllabus breakdowns, and exam tips! Covering cells, tissues, organs, systems, health factors, physiology & vaccination. Perfect for eAssessment prep—includes diagrams, experiments, and practice questions

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IB MYP 4-5 Biology Revision Resources

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IB MYP 4-5 Biology eAssessment

Cells

Cells

  • Cell theory (prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells).
  • Organelles and their functions (mitochondria, chloroplasts, nucleus)
  • Stem cells (embryonic vs. adult, therapeutic uses).
  • Microscopy (calculating magnification, drawing lab diagrams).
  • Osmosis, diffusion, and active transport (experiments with potato/salt water).

Tissues → Organs → Systems

  • Tissues: Types (muscle, epithelial, nervous, connective) and functions.
  • Organs: Structure linked to function (e.g., heart, lungs, leaf, root).
  • Systems: Digestive, circulatory, respiratory (interdependence).
  • Plant Systems: Xylem/phloem, transpiration.

Structure and Function

  • Adaptations of specialized cells (e.g., sperm, red blood cells, palisade cells).
  • Surface-area-to-volume ratio (e.g., alveoli, root hairs).
  • Comparative anatomy (e.g., fish gills vs. mammalian lungs).

Factors Affecting Human Health

  • Lifestyle: Diet (malnutrition, obesity), exercise, smoking, alcohol.
  • Environmental: Air/water pollution, carcinogens.
  • Genetic: Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia.
  • Pathogens: Bacteria (TB), viruses (HIV), parasites (malaria).

Physiology

  • Circulatory: Heart structure, blood vessels, role of hemoglobin.
  • Respiratory: Gas exchange, spirometry experiments.
  • Nervous: Reflex arcs, synapses, reaction time labs.
  • Homeostasis: Thermoregulation, blood glucose control.

Vaccination

  • Immunity: Active (vaccines) vs. passive (maternal antibodies).
  • Vaccine Types: Live-attenuated (MMR), mRNA (COVID-19).
  • Herd Immunity: Thresholds and ethical dilemmas.
  • Antibiotic Resistance: Misuse and consequences.

Organisms

Habitat

  • Biotic vs. abiotic factors
  • Ecological niches
  • Adaptation to extreme environments (e.g., deserts, deep sea)

Ecosystems

  • Components (producers, consumers, decomposers)
  • Energy pyramids (10% rule)
  • Case study: Coral reef ecosystem interdependence

Interdependency

  • Symbiosis (mutualism/commensalism/parasitism)
  • Keystone species (e.g., wolves in Yellowstone)
  • Human impacts on ecological relationships

Unity & Diversity in Life Forms

  • Shared characteristics of life (MRS GREN)
  • Biodiversity hotspots
  • Convergent vs. divergent evolution

Energy Transfer & Cycles

  • Food webs vs. chains
  • Carbon cycle (photosynthesis/respiration/combustion)
  • Nitrogen cycle (role of bacteria)

Classification

  • Taxonomic hierarchy (Domain → Species)
  • Dichotomous keys (practical identification activity)
  • Modern vs. traditional classification methods
 
 

Process

Photosynthesis

  • Light-dependent and light-independent reactions
  • Chloroplast structure and function
  • Factors affecting rate (light intensity, CO₂ concentration, temperature)

Cell Respiration

  • Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration
  • Mitochondria structure and function
  • ATP production and energy transfer

Aerobic and Anaerobic

  • Comparison of energy output
  • Oxygen debt in anaerobic respiration
  • Fermentation in yeast and muscles

Word and Chemical Equations

  • Balancing chemical equations
  • Photosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
  • Aerobic respiration: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy

Metabolism

Nutrition

  • Macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids)
  • Micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
  • Balanced diet and dietary requirements

Digestion

  • Human digestive system structure
  • Enzymatic breakdown of food molecules
  • Absorption in small intestine

Biochemistry and Enzymes

  • Enzyme structure and function
  • Factors affecting enzyme activity (pH, temperature)
  • Lock-and-key vs induced fit models

Movement and Transport

  • Active and passive transport
  • Endocytosis and exocytosis

Diffusion

  • Simple diffusion
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Factors affecting diffusion rate

Osmosis

  • Water potential
  • Hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions
  • Osmosis in plant and animal cells

Gas Exchange

  • Alveoli structure and function
  • Gill lamellae in fish
  • Stomata in plants

Circulation, Transpiration and Translocation

  • Human circulatory system
  • Xylem and phloem transport in plants
  • Transpiration stream

Homeostasis

  • Negative feedback mechanisms
  • Thermoregulation
  • Blood glucose regulation

Evolution

Life Cycles

  • Stages of development in organisms
  • Metamorphosis (complete vs incomplete)
  • Human life cycle from zygote to adult

Natural Selection

  • Darwin’s theory of evolution
  • Adaptations and survival advantage
  • Evidence for evolution (fossils, homologous structures)

Cell Division

  • Purpose of cell division
  • Cell cycle stages

Mitosis

  • Stages of mitosis (prophase to telophase)
  • Importance for growth and repair
  • Cancer as uncontrolled cell division

Meiosis

  • Production of gametes
  • Genetic variation through crossing over
  • Comparison with mitosis

Reproduction

  • Asexual vs sexual reproduction
  • Advantages of each method
  • Flower structure and pollination

Biodiversity

  • Species diversity and classification
  • Importance of biodiversity
  • Threats to biodiversity

Inheritance and Variation

  • Mendelian genetics
  • Dominant and recessive traits
  • Continuous and discontinuous variation

DNA and Genetics

  • DNA structure and replication
  • Protein synthesis
  • Genetic engineering applications

Interaction with Environment

Tropism

  • Phototropism (response to light)
  • Geotropism/Gravitropism (response to gravity)
  • Hydrotropism (response to water)
  • Role of auxins in plant responses

Senses

  • Human sensory organs (eyes, ears, skin, etc.)
  • Stimulus reception and response
  • Sensory adaptation

Nervous System

  • Central vs peripheral nervous system
  • Neuron structure and function
  • Reflex arcs and involuntary responses
  • Synaptic transmission

Receptors and Hormones

  • Types of receptors (chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, etc.)
  • Endocrine system overview
  • Key hormones (insulin, adrenaline, auxins)
  • Comparison of nervous vs hormonal control

Interactions Between Organisms

Pathogens/Parasites, Predator/Prey

  • Parasitism: Host-parasite relationships (tapeworms, fleas)
  • Predation: Adaptations of predators and prey
  • Disease transmission and vectors
  • Population dynamics in predator-prey cycles

Food Chains and Webs

  • Trophic levels (producers to quaternary consumers)
  • Energy transfer and 10% rule
  • Pyramids of numbers, biomass and energy
  • Impact of species removal on food webs

Competition

  • Intraspecific vs interspecific competition
  • Resource partitioning and niche differentiation
  • Competitive exclusion principle
  • Adaptations to reduce competition

Speciation and Extinction

  • Allopatric and sympatric speciation
  • Isolating mechanisms (geographic, behavioral, temporal)
  • Mass extinctions vs background extinction rates
  • Human impact on extinction rates

Human Interactions with Environments

Human Influences

  • Population growth and resource consumption
  • Urbanization and land use changes
  • Introduction of invasive species
  • Climate change impacts

Habitat Change or Destruction

  • Deforestation (tropical rainforest case study)
  • Wetland drainage and consequences
  • Coral reef degradation
  • Fragmentation effects on biodiversity

Pollution/Conservation

  • Types of pollution (air, water, soil, noise)
  • Bioaccumulation and biomagnification
  • Protected areas and national parks
  • Species conservation programs

Over Exploitation

  • Overfishing and fishing quotas
  • Illegal wildlife trade
  • Deforestation for agriculture
  • Water resource depletion

Mitigation of Adverse Effects

  • Sustainable resource management
  • Renewable energy alternatives
  • Restoration ecology
  • International agreements (Paris Agreement, CITES)
  • Individual and community actions

Biotechnology

Genetic Modification

  • Recombinant DNA technology
  • CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
  • GMOs in agriculture (Golden Rice, Bt cotton)
  • Transgenic organisms

Cloning

  • Therapeutic vs reproductive cloning
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (Dolly the sheep)
  • Plant tissue culture
  • Applications in conservation

Ethical Implications

  • Designer babies debate
  • Patenting of genetic material
  • Biosafety and GMO regulations
  • Religious and cultural perspectives

Genome Mapping and Application

  • Human Genome Project
  • Personalized medicine
  • Gene therapy
  • Pharmacogenomics

3D Tissue and Organ Printing

  • Bioprinting techniques
  • Stem cell applications
  • Organ transplantation alternatives
  • Current limitations and challenges
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