Question
The formula of methane is \(CH_4\) and the formula of ethane is \(C_2H_6\).
Which row describes diffusion and the relative rates of diffusion of methane and ethane?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which test is used to show that a sample of water is pure?
A Evaporate the water to see if any solids remain.
B Heat the water to check its boiling point.
C Test with anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride.
D Use universal indicator paper to check its pH.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Chromatography is used to separate and identify the components in both coloured and colourless mixtures.
For colourless mixtures the chromatogram has to be treated with another chemical.
What is the name of this type of chemical?
A colouring agent
B display agent
C finding agent
D locating agent
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Lithium reacts with fluorine to form the compound lithium fluoride.
Which statement about this reaction is correct?
A Each fluorine atom gains one electron.
B Each fluorine atom gains two or more electrons.
C Each fluorine atom loses one electron.
D Each fluorine atom loses two or more electrons.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
\(^{14}_6 C\) and \(^{12}_6 C\) are isotopes of carbon.
Which statement about these isotopes is correct?
A \(^{12}_6 C\) is more reactive than \(^{14}_6 C\) because the atoms have less mass.
B \(^{12}_6 C\) is more reactive than \(^{14}_6 C\) because the atoms have different numbers of neutrons.
C The reactions of \(^{12}_6 C\) are similar to \(^{14}_6 C\) because they have the same number of outer shell electrons.
D The reactions of \(^{12}_6\) are similar to \(^{14}_6 C\) because they have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
The molecular structure of hydrazine, \(N_2H_4\), is shown.
Which description of the bonding in hydrazine is not correct?
A Each nitrogen atom has a non-bonding pair of electrons.
B Each nitrogen atom has four bonding pairs of electrons.
C Each nitrogen atom shares one of its electrons with a nitrogen atom.
D Each nitrogen atom shares two of its electrons with hydrogen atoms.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Solid X has a high boiling point.
Its structure has positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons.
Which other properties does solid X have?
A brittle and an electrical conductor
B brittle and an insulator
C malleable and an electrical conductor
D malleable and an insulator
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
The formulae of some ions are shown.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
The equation for the decomposition of magnesium nitrate is shown.
\(2Mg(NO_3)_2(s) → 2MgO(s) + 4NO_2(g) + O_2(g)\)
Which volume of gas is produced when 0.1 moles of magnesium nitrate is decomposed completely?
A 1.2 \(dm^3\) B 4.8 \(dm^3\) C 6.0 \(dm^3\) D 8.4 \(dm^3\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Which statements about the electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide are correct?
1 Lead ions move to the anode and are oxidised.
2 Lead ions move to the cathode and are reduced.
3 Bromide ions move to the anode and are oxidised.
4 Bromide ions move to the cathode and are reduced.
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Aqueous copper(II) sulfate is electrolysed using carbon electrodes.
Which statement is correct?
A Bubbles of hydrogen are formed at the anode.
B Bubbles of oxygen gas are formed at the cathode.
C Copper is deposited at the anode.
D The blue colour of the solution fades.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Nitrogen trifluoride, \(NF_3\), is used in the manufacture of certain types of solar panels. The equation
for the formation of nitrogen trifluoride is shown.
Using the table of bond energies, what is the energy change for this reaction?
A –560 kJ \(mol^{–1}\)
B –280 kJ \(mol^{–1}\)
C +280 kJ \(mol^{–1}\)
D +3080 kJ \(mol^{–1}\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which statements about hydrogen fuel cells are correct?
1 The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is endothermic.
2 The waste product in a hydrogen fuel cell is water.
3 A chemical reaction in the cell produces hydrogen which is used as the fuel.
4 A hydrogen fuel cell is used to generate electricity.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Which change is a physical change?
A Copper(II) carbonate changes colour from green to black when it is heated, and stays black
when it cools.
B Ethanol reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
C Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen when it is boiled.
D Ice forms liquid water when it is heated.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
A student adds excess magnesium ribbon to 10 \(cm^3\) of 0.5 mol / \(dm^3\) sulfuric acid.
The hydrogen gas is collected and its volume measured every 10 seconds.
The experiment is repeated using the same mass of magnesium ribbon with 5\(cm^3\) of 0.5mol / \(dm^3\) sulfuric acid added to 5 \(cm^3\)
of water.
Which graph shows the results of the second experiment?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
An equilibrium reaction is shown.
\(N_2O_4(g) \leftrightarrow 2NO_2(g)\)
The forward reaction is endothermic.
What is the effect of changing the temperature and pressure on the equilibrium position?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
In which reaction is the underlined compound acting as a reducing agent?
A \(CO_2 + C → 2CO\)
B \(2CuO + C → 2Cu + CO)_2\)
C \(Fe_2O_3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO_2\)
D \(CaCO_3 + 2HCl → CaCl_2 + H_2O + CO_2\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
X, Y and Z are oxides of elements in the same row of the Periodic Table.
Some information about each oxide is shown.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Four different acids are dissolved in water.
Which beaker contains the most concentrated strong acid solution?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
The following substances can be reacted together to prepare salts.
1 copper(II) oxide and excess hydrochloric acid
2 hydrochloric acid and excess sodium hydroxide
3 hydrochloric acid and excess zinc carbonate
In which reactions can the excess reactant be separated from the solution by filtration?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 3 only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Salt S is dissolved in water and three tests are carried out on the solution.
What is the identity of S?
A copper(II) chloride
B copper(II) sulfate
C iron(II) chloride
D iron(II) sulfate
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which statement about the Periodic Table is correct?
A Most metallic elements are on the left.
B Elements in the same period have the same number of outer electrons.
C Elements on the left are usually gases.
D The relative atomic mass of the elements increases from right to left.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
The diagram shows elements W, X, Y and Z in a section of the Periodic Table.
Which statement about the reactivity of the elements is correct?
A X is more reactive than Y, and W is more reactive than Z.
B X is more reactive than Y, and Z is more reactive than W.
C Y is more reactive than X, and W is more reactive than Z.
D Y is more reactive than X, and Z is more reactive than W.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Some properties of substances are listed.
1 They conduct electricity.
2 They have low densities.
3 They have high melting points.
4 They are malleable.
Which properties are shown by transition metals?
A 1 and 3 only B 1 and 4 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 1, 3 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Sodium is a Group I metal.
Which property, that is typical of most metals, is not shown by sodium?
A conductor of heat
B high melting point
C malleable
D shiny
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Four metals, iron, copper, magnesium and Y, are heated separately with their oxides.
The results are shown.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Aluminium is extracted from bauxite by electrolysis.
Which statement is correct?
A Aluminium ions are oxidised to form aluminium.
B The cathode has to be replaced regularly because it reacts with the oxygen which is formed.
C Cryolite is added to remove impurities.
D Carbon dioxide is produced at the anode.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Some properties of aluminium are listed.
1 It conducts heat.
2 It has a low density.
3 It is strong.
4 It is resistant to corrosion.
Which of these properties make aluminium suitable for making food containers for chilled food
products?
A 1, 2 and 4 B 1, 3 and 4 C 1 only D 4 only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Water is treated at a waterworks to make it fit to drink.
What is present in the water when it leaves the waterworks?
A bacteria only
B bacteria and insoluble substances
C chlorine compounds only
D chlorine compounds and soluble substances
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen are common gaseous pollutants found in the air.
Which pollutants contribute to acid rain?
A carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide
B oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide
C oxides of nitrogen only
D sulfur dioxide only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Oxides of nitrogen, such as NO and \(NO_2\), are formed in the petrol engines of cars.
They are removed from the exhaust gases by reactions in the car’s catalytic converter.
Which row describes how oxides of nitrogen are formed in a petrol engine, and a reaction that
happens in the catalytic converter?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Zinc is used to cover iron to prevent it from rusting.
Why is zinc a suitable metal to use?
A Iron is more reactive than zinc.
B Iron atoms are bigger than zinc atoms.
C Zinc is more reactive than iron.
D Zinc atoms are bigger than iron atoms.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Fertilisers are mixtures of different compounds used to increase the growth of crops.
Which pair of substances contain the three essential elements for plant growth?
A ammonium nitrate and calcium phosphate
B ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride
C ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride
D potassium nitrate and calcium carbonate
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Which row describes the conditions used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the Contact process?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Petroleum is an important raw material that is separated into useful products.
Which terms describe petroleum and the method used to separate it?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which statements about propene are correct?
1 Propene contains only single bonds.
2 Propene decolourises bromine water.
3 Propene is obtained by cracking.
4 Propene is a hydrocarbon.
A 1 and 4 B 2, 3 and 4 C 2 and 4 only D 4 only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which row describes the production of ethanol and its properties?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Ethanoic acid is a typical carboxylic acid.
Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
A It can be oxidised to produce ethanol.
B It is a proton acceptor.
C It is fully dissociated in water.
D It reacts with ethanol to produce ethyl ethanoate and water.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which structure represents the ester made from ethanoic acid and propanol?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
The structure of a polymer is shown.
Which statements about the polymer are correct?
1 The polymer is nylon.
2 The polymer is formed by condensation polymerisation.
3 There are ester linkages between the monomers.
A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C