Question
Which row about a change of state is correct?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Gases are separated from liquid air by fractional distillation.
The boiling points of four gases are shown.
Which gas is both monoatomic and a liquid at \(–200^o\) C?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Two different food colourings, X and Y, are tested using chromatography.
Three pure dyes, 1, 2 and 3, are also tested.
The chromatogram is shown.
Which statements are correct?
1 X and Y both contain two or more dyes.
2 Dyes 2 and 3 are present in both X and Y.
3 The Rf of dye 1 is 0.625.
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Which statement about the atoms of all the isotopes of carbon is correct?
A They are all radioactive.
B They have the same mass.
C They have the same number of neutrons.
D They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which diagram represents the structure of silicon(IV) oxide?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Lithium and fluorine react to form lithium fluoride.
A student writes three statements about the reaction.
1 Lithium atoms lose an electron when they react.
2 Each fluoride ion has one more electron than a fluorine atom.
3 Lithium fluoride is a mixture of elements.
Which statements are correct?
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
How many electrons are used to form covalent bonds in a molecule of methanol, CH3OH?
A 5 B 6 C 8 D 10
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Magnesium oxide has a high melting point.
Carbon dioxide has a low melting point.
Which row identifies the attractive forces that are broken when these compounds are melted?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
The ionic half-equation for the formation of oxygen during the electrolysis of aluminium oxide is shown.
\(xO^{2–} \rightarrow O_2 + y e^–\)
What are the values of x and y?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
A compound has the formula XF2 and has a relative mass of 70.
What is element X?
A gallium
B germanium
C sulfur
D ytterbium
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
The diagram shows a section of an overhead power cable.
Which statement explains why a particular substance is used?
A Aluminium has a low density and is a good conductor of electricity.
B Ceramic is a good conductor of electricity.
C Steel can rust in damp air.
D Steel is more dense than aluminium.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
During the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid, hydrogen is collected at the cathode.
What is the ionic half-equation for this reaction?
A \(H^++ e^–\rightarrow H\)
B \(H^+ \rightarrow H + e^–\)
C \(2H^+ + 2e^– \rightarrow H_2\)
D \(2H^+ \rightarrow H_2 + 2e^–\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Which row describes an endothermic reaction?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
The equation for the complete combustion of methane is shown.
\(CH_4(g) + 2O_2(g) \rightarrow CO_2(g) + 2H_2O(g)\)
The bond energies are shown in the table.
What is the energy change for the reaction?
A –818 kJ /mol B –359 kJ /mol C –323 kJ /mol D +102 kJ / mol
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power cars.
Which statements about a fuel cell are correct?
1 The balanced equation for the reaction is H2 + O2 = H2O.
2 The fuel cell generates electricity.
3 In the fuel cell hydrogen is reduced.
4 The reactants are gases at room temperature.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
The apparatus shown is used to measure the rate of a reaction.
Which equation represents a reaction where the rate can be measured using this apparatus?
A \(Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)\)
B \(HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) \rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_2O(l)\)
C \(Fe(s) + CuSO_4(aq) \rightarrow Cu(s) + FeSO_4(aq)\)
D \(2Na(s) + Br_2(l) \rightarrow 2NaBr(s)\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
P is a hydrated metal salt with a blue colour. When P is heated, water is given off, leaving solid Q.
R is a hydrated metal salt with a pink colour. When R is heated, water is given off, leaving solid S.
Which row gives the name of P and the colour of S?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Magnesium reacts with copper(II) oxide to give magnesium oxide and copper.
Which substance is the oxidising agent in this reaction?
A copper
B copper(II) oxide
C magnesium
D magnesium oxide
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Part of the Periodic Table is shown.
Which element forms an acidic oxide?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
When aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of a metal ion, a grey-green precipitate
forms, which dissolves in excess to form a dark green solution.
What is the identity of the metal ion?
A chromium(III)
B iron(II)
C iron(III)
D copper(II)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Which statements about strong acids are correct?
1 They have a high concentration of \(OH^–\) ions.
2 They have a pH value of 1.
3 They completely ionise in water.
4 They turn red litmus blue.
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Metal X reacts with non-metal Y to form an ionic compound with the formula \(X_2Y\).
Which statements are correct?
1 X is in Group I of the Periodic Table.
2 X is in Group II of the Periodic Table.
3 Y is in Group VI of the Periodic Table.
4 Y is in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
The table gives some properties of Group IV elements.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
The metal beryllium does not react with cold water.
It reacts with hydrochloric acid but cannot be extracted from its ore by using carbon.
Where is beryllium placed in the reactivity series?
magnesium
A
zinc
B
iron
C
copper
D
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Why is cryolite used in the extraction of aluminium from bauxite?
A as a catalyst for the process
B as a solvent for aluminium oxide
C it stops the carbon anodes burning away
D it reduces aluminium ions in aluminium oxide
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which statements about the uses of metals are correct?
1 Iron is used to make aircraft because iron has a low density.
2 Copper is used to make electric cables because copper is a good conductor of electricity.
3 Aluminium is used to make brass because aluminium is strong and hard.
4 Iron is mixed with additives to make an alloy used in chemical plant.
A 1 and 2 B 3 and 4 C 1 and 3 D 2 and 4
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which row describes the reactions of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
The properties of an element are listed.
Its melting point is 3414 $^{\circ}$C.
Some of its compounds are catalysts.
It has variable oxidation states.
Where is the element found in the Periodic Table?
A alkali metals
B halogens
C noble gases
D transition elements
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Petrol burns in a car engine to produce waste gases which leave through the car exhaust.
One of these waste gases is an oxide of nitrogen.
Which statement describes how this oxide of nitrogen is formed?
A Carbon dioxide reacts with nitrogen in the catalytic converter.
B Nitrogen reacts with oxygen in the car engine.
C Nitrogen reacts with oxygen in the catalytic converter.
D Petrol combines with nitrogen in the car engine.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which combination of chemical compounds can be used to produce the fertiliser shown?
A \((NH_4)_3PO_4, KCl\)
B \(NH_4NO_3, Ca_3(PO_4)_2\)
C \(NH_4NO_3, CO(NH_2)_2\)
D \(NH_4NO_3, K_2SO_4, (NH_4)2SO_4\)
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question
Which process does not produce carbon dioxide?
A combustion of a hydrocarbon
B photosynthesis
C reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate
D respiration
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which substance is used as a bleach in the manufacture of paper?
A carbon dioxide
B nitrogen dioxide
C silicon dioxide
D sulfur dioxide
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
What is an industrial use of calcium carbonate?
A cracking of hydrocarbons
B manufacture of aluminium
C manufacture of cement
D purification of water
Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question
Propane reacts with chlorine.
Which row shows a condition required for this reaction and identifies the type of reaction?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
The pie chart represents the composition of natural gas.
Which sector represents methane?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question
Which statement describes the reaction between ethene and steam?
A a cracking reaction which produces ethane and hydrogen gas as products
B an addition reaction which produces ethanol as the only product
C an oxidation reaction which produces ethanoic acid as the only product
D a slow reaction producing ethanol and carbon dioxide
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
The formula of a hydrocarbon is CxHy.
The equation for its complete combustion is shown.
\(C_xH_y + 8O_2 \rightarrow 5CO_2 + 6H_2O\)
What are the values of x and y?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
The formula of an ester is \(CH_3CH_2CH_2COOCH_2CH_2CH_3\).
Which acid and alcohol react together to make the ester?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Molecule 1 undergoes a process to make molecule 2.
Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question
Which structure represents a protein?
Answer/Explanation
Ans: A