Question
The arrangements of particles in solids, liquids and gases are different.
Which statement about the molecules in ice, water or steam is correct?
A The \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\) molecules are on average closest together in steam.
B The \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\) molecules are on average furthest apart in water.
C The \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\) molecules in steam have the second highest average velocity.
D The \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\) molecules in ice are able to vibrate.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
The melting points and boiling points of three elements, at 1 atm pressure, are shown.
Separate samples of argon, nitrogen and oxygen are stored at \(-200^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and at \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\) pressure. How many samples are liquids?
A 0
B 1
C 2
D 3
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Which statement describes a compound?
A It contains two or more elements chemically combined.
B It contains two or more elements physically combined.
C It contains two or more elements forming an alloy.
D It contains two or more elements that can easily be separated.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which statement about elements in the Periodic Table is correct?
A A potassium ion, \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\), has the same electronic configuration as a chloride ion, \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\).
B The electronic configuration of a \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) ion is \(2,8,8,2\).
C The halogens are in Group VI and so their atoms have six electrons in their outer shell.
D Magnesium is in Period 3 and so a magnesium ion, \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\), has three occupied electron shells.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which statement about ions and ionic bonds is correct?
A Bromine atoms form negatively charged bromide ions.
B Ionic bonds form between elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
C Positive ions are formed when atoms lose protons.
D Potassium iodide contains negatively charged potassium ions.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which molecule has only two shared pairs of electrons?
A \(\mathrm{CH}_4\)
B \(\mathrm{Cl}_2\)
C \(\mathrm{HCl}\)
D \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
Which statement about graphite explains why it is used as an electrode?
A It contains ions.
B It has a giant covalent structure.
C It is a metal.
D It has mobile electrons.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
Methane, \(\mathrm{CH}_4\), burns in air to form carbon dioxide and water.
What is the balanced equation for this reaction?
A \(\mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})\)
B \(\mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})\)
C \(\mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})\)
D \(\mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Magnesium reacts with steam.
$
\mathrm{Mg}+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{MgO}+\mathrm{H}_2
$
When \(2.43 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium reacts with an excess of steam, the products are \(4.03 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium oxide and \(0.20 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen.
What is produced when \(7.29 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium reacts with an excess of steam?
A \(1.34 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium oxide and \(0.07 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen
B \(4.03 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium oxide and \(0.20 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen
C \(8.06 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium oxide and \(0.40 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen
D \(12.09 \mathrm{~g}\) of magnesium oxide and \(0.60 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
The diagram shows an electrolysis circuit.
At which electrode is hydrogen formed?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Which gases are used to generate electricity in a fuel cell?
A carbon dioxide and oxygen
B hydrogen and methane
C hydrogen and oxygen
D methane and carbon dioxide
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
The reaction pathway diagram for a reaction is shown.
Which statements about the reaction are correct?
1 The reaction is endothermic.
2 The reaction is exothermic.
3 The diagram represents the combustion of methane.
4 The diagram represents the thermal decomposition of limestone.
A 1 and 3
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 2 and 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Which row describes a chemical change?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Magnesium powder reacts with an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.
Which statements about this reaction are correct?
1 The smaller the particles of magnesium powder, the more slowly the hydrogen is produced.
2 The higher the temperature, the faster the magnesium powder disappears.
3 The lower the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid, the faster the rate of reaction.
4 The faster the magnesium powder disappears, the faster the rate of reaction.
A 1 and 2
B 2 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 3 and 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Which statement about hydrated cobalt(II) chloride is correct?
A It turns blue when it is heated.
B It turns blue when water is added to it.
C It turns pink when water is added to it.
D It turns white when it is heated.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
An aqueous solution reacts with a solid. The products are an alkaline gas, a salt and water.
What are the aqueous solution and the solid?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
Both calcium oxide, \(\mathrm{CaO}\), and calcium hydroxide, \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_2\), are used to remove sulfur dioxide, \(\mathrm{SO}_2\), from flue gases in industrial plants.
Which row classifies calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and sulfur dioxide?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
Copper(II) sulfate is prepared by adding excess copper(II) carbonate to sulfuric acid.
Why is an excess of copper(II) carbonate added?
A to ensure all the copper(II) carbonate has reacted
B to ensure all the sulfuric acid has reacted
C to increase the rate of reaction
D to increase the amount of copper(II) sulfate produced
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Part of the Periodic Table is shown.
Which element has two electrons in its outer shell and three electron shells?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Some information about element X is given.
● melting point = 64 C
● density = 0.86 g / cm3
● vigorous reaction with water
Where in the Periodic Table is X placed?
A Group 0
B Group I
C Group VII
D transition metals
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
The properties of the element titanium, Ti, can be predicted from its position in the Periodic Table. Which row identifies the properties of titanium?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Which description of brass is correct?
A a compound of copper and zinc
B a compound of copper and tin
C a mixture of copper and zinc
D a mixture of copper and tin
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
23 What is the symbol of the metal used in the manufacture of aircraft because of its low density?
A Al
B Cu
C Fe
D Zn
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which property of stainless steel makes it suitable for making cutlery?
A It conducts electricity.
B It has a high melting point.
C It is resistant to rusting.
D It is ductile.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Which substances react to form hydrogen gas?
1 calcium and water
2 silver and dilute hydrochloric acid
3 magnesium and steam
4 zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid
A 1, 3 and 4
B 1 and 3 only
C 2 and 4
D 4 only
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Some statements about the reactions of the metals tin, lithium and manganese are listed.
● Tin does not react with steam but does react with dilute hydrochloric acid.
● Lithium reacts with cold water.
● Manganese does not react with cold water but does react with steam.
What is the order of reactivity of the three metals?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
Which substances are required for iron to rust?
A oxygen and salt
B oxygen only
C water and oxygen
D water and salt
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Coke (carbon) and limestone are two raw materials used in the extraction of iron from hematite.
Which type of reaction occurs when each substance is heated during the process?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Water is treated at a waterworks to make it safe to drink.
What is present in the water when it leaves the waterworks?
A bacteria and insoluble substances
B bacteria only
C soluble substances, including chlorine compounds
D chlorine compounds only
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
The formulae of four compounds, W, X, Y and Z, are given.
Which compounds are mixed to create a fertiliser containing the three elements necessary for improved plant growth?
A \(\mathrm{W}\) and \(\mathrm{X}\)
B W and Z
C \(\mathrm{X}\) and \(\mathrm{Y}\)
D \(\mathrm{Y}\) and \(\mathrm{Z}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Some combustion reactions produce pollutant gases.
Which reactions produce a pollutant gas that is not present in clean air?
\(12 \mathrm{CH}_4+3 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}+4 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\)
\(22 \mathrm{H}_2+\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\)
\(3 \mathrm{C}+\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2\)
\(4 \quad \mathrm{~N}_2+\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}\)
A 1 and 3
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which row identifies the homologous series to which the molecular structure belongs?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
Petroleum is fractionally distilled at an oil refinery.
The table shows some fractions and uses.
Which rows identify a use for the fraction listed?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 3 and 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D
Question
What is the word equation for the preparation of ethanol?
A glucose \(\rightarrow\) ethanol + carbon dioxide
B glucose + yeast \(\rightarrow\) ethanol + water
C ethane + water \(\rightarrow\) ethanol
D ethene + water \(\rightarrow\) ethanol + carbon dioxide
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
Which row describes properties of aqueous ethanoic acid?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
Which row describes the relative sizes of monomer and polymer molecules?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
\(2.00 \mathrm{~g}\) of powdered calcium carbonate is added to \(50.0 \mathrm{~cm}^3\) of hydrochloric acid.
Which apparatus is used to measure these quantities of calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:A
Question
The diagram shows a chromatogram obtained from the colours of three different sweets, X, Y and Z.
How many different red dyes are present in the sweets?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:B
Question
A mixture contains sand and an aqueous solution of sodium chloride.
Which processes are used to obtain a sample of solid sand and a sample of solid sodium chloride from the mixture?
A crystallisation followed by filtration
B evaporation followed by filtration
C filtration followed by crystallisation
D simple distillation followed by crystallisation
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:C
Question
A student tests an unknown compound M.
The compound:
● produces a lilac flame using a flame test
● produces a gas which turns limewater cloudy when dilute hydrochloric acid is added.
What is M?
A sodium sulfate
B sodium carbonate
C potassium sulfate
D potassium carbonate
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans:D