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Question

 Nitrogen is heated in a balloon, which expands slightly.
Which statements about the molecules of nitrogen are correct?
1 They move further apart.
2 They move more quickly.
3 They remain the same distance apart.
4 Their speed remains unchanged.

A 1 and 2

B 1 and 4

C 2 and 3

D 3 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Which piece of apparatus should be used to measure exactly $21.4 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ of water?
A $25 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ beaker
B $25 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ pipette
C $50 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ burette
D $50 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ measuring cylinder

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Which method of separation is used to separate a soluble solid from its solution?

A chromatography

B condensation

C crystallisation

D filtration

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

The atomic number and nucleon number of a potassium atom are shown.

How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a potassium ion, $\mathrm{K}^{+}$?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 Sodium is in Group I of the Periodic Table.
Chlorine is in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
Sodium and chlorine combine to form a compound.
Which statement about the combination of sodium and chlorine atoms is correct?
A Both sodium and chlorine lose electrons.
B Both sodium and chlorine gain electrons.
C Sodium loses electrons and chlorine gains electrons.
D Sodium gains electrons and chlorine loses electrons.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

The electronic structures of two atoms, $\mathrm{P}$ and $\mathrm{Q}$, are shown.

P and Q combine together to form a compound.
What is the type of bonding in the compound and what is the formula of the compound?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 The structures of diamond and graphite are shown.

Which statement about diamond and graphite is correct?
A Diamond and graphite have low melting points.

B Diamond and graphite have mobile electrons.

C Diamond and graphite have layered structures.

D Diamond and graphite contain strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Aluminium oxide has the formula $\mathrm{Al}_2 \mathrm{O}_3$.
Which statement about aluminium oxide is correct?

A $2 \mathrm{~g}$ of aluminium atoms are combined with $3 \mathrm{~g}$ of oxygen atoms.

B $2 \mathrm{~g}$ of aluminium atoms are combined with $3 \mathrm{~g}$ of oxygen molecules.

C Aluminium oxide has a relative formula mass of 102 .

D Pure aluminium oxide contains a higher mass of oxygen than of aluminium.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Which products are formed when dilute sulfuric acid undergoes electrolysis?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 Which element is not used as a fuel?

A carbon

B helium

C hydrogen

D uranium

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

The energy level diagram shows the energy of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Which row correctly describes the energy change and the type of reaction shown?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 Which diagram represents a chemical change?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

The rate of reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid is investigated. The volume of hydrogen given off at different times is measured. The results are shown.

Which conclusions are correct?
1 The rate is fastest between 0 and 20 seconds.
2 The maximum volume of hydrogen given off is $22 \mathrm{~cm}^3$.
3 At 40 seconds, $20 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ of hydrogen is given off.

A 1 and 2 only

B 1 and 3 only

C 2 and 3 only

D 1,2 and 3

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Which reaction can be easily reversed?

A dissolving zinc in hydrochloric acid

B fermenting glucose with yeast

C heating hydrated cobalt(II) chloride

D the rusting of an iron nail

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Carbon reacts with silver oxide to form carbon dioxide and silver.
Which substance is reduced?

A carbon

B carbon dioxide

C silver

D silver oxide

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

The graph shows how the $\mathrm{pH}$ of a solution changes as an acid is added to an alkali.
$
\text { acid }+ \text { alkali } \rightarrow \text { salt }+ \text { water }
$
Which letter represents the area of the graph where both acid and salt are present?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Phosphorus is an element in Group V of the Periodic Table. It burns in air to form an oxide, which dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH of 1. Which row describes this oxide of phosphorus?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

The apparatus shown is used to prepare aqueous copper(II) sulfate.

What are X and Y?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Two tests are carried out on substance $Z$.
test 1 A flame test produces a red flame.
test $2 \mathrm{Z}$ is dissolved in water and dilute nitric acid is added, followed by aqueous silver nitrate. A yellow precipitate is produced.
What is substance $\mathrm{Z}$ ?

A lithium bromide

B lithium iodide

C sodium bromide

D sodium iodide

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 The elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table are shown.

Which statements about the elements in Period 3 are correct?
$1 \mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Mg}$ and $\mathrm{Al}$ are metals.
$2 \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{Cl}$ and $\mathrm{Ar}$ are non-metals.
$3 \mathrm{Si}, \mathrm{P}$ and $\mathrm{S}$ are metals.

A 1 and 2 only

B 1 and 3 only

C 2 and 3 only

D 1,2 and 3

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 A Group I metal (lithium, sodium or potassium) is reacted with a Group VII element (chlorine, bromine or iodine).

Which compound is formed when the Group I metal of highest density reacts with the Group VII element of lowest density?

A lithium chloride

B potassium chloride

C potassium iodide

D lithium iodide

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

The properties of the element titanium, Ti, can be predicted from its position in the Periodic Table. Which row identifies the properties of titanium?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

A balloon is filled with helium. Helium is a noble gas and makes the balloon rise up in the air.
The density of air is $1.23 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{dm}^3$.
Which gas is helium?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which property is shown by all metals?

A They are extracted from their ores by heating with carbon.

B They conduct electricity.

C They form acidic oxides.

D They react with hydrochloric acid to form hydrogen.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 The properties of four metals, $\mathrm{W}, \mathrm{X}, \mathrm{Y}$ and $\mathrm{Z}$, are shown.

W It does not react with cold water but reacts with steam.

$X$ It does not react with water or dilute acid but the oxide of $X$ is reduced by carbon.

$Y$ The oxide of $Y$ is not reduced by carbon but $Y$ reacts vigorously with cold water.

Z It does not react with water or steam but reacts with dilute acid.

What is the order of reactivity of the elements starting with the most reactive?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Molten iron from the blast furnace contains impurities.
The process of turning the impure iron into steel involves blowing oxygen into the molten iron and adding calcium oxide.
What are the reasons for blowing in oxygen and adding calcium oxide?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Which row describes two uses of the named steel?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Which statement shows that a liquid is pure water?
A It boils at $100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.

B It has a pH value of 7 .

C It turns blue cobalt(II) chloride pink.

D It turns white copper(II) sulfate blue.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Some gases are present in clean air while other gases are only present in polluted air. Which row is correct?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 The diagrams show experiments to investigate rusting of iron nails.

In which test-tubes do the nails rust?
A 1 only

B 1 and 2 only

C 1 and 3 only

D 1,2 and 3

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which mixture contains all of the elements in a typical fertiliser?

A ammonium nitrate and calcium phosphate

B ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride

C potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride

D potassium carbonate and ammonium nitrate

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which processes produce methane?

1 complete combustion of carbon-containing compounds

2 decomposition of vegetation

3 digestion in animals

4 respiration in animals

A 1 and 4

B 1 and 3

C 2 and 3

D 2 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 The list shows four methods that were suggested for the formation of carbon dioxide.

1 cracking methane using steam

2 action of heat on a carbonate

3 complete combustion of methane

4 reaction of a carbonate with oxygen

Which methods would result in the production of carbon dioxide?

A 1 and 2

B 1 and 4

C 2 and 3

D 3 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 A student suggests three uses of calcium carbonate (limestone).
1 manufacture of cement
2 manufacture of iron
3 treating alkaline soils
Which suggestions are correct?

A 1 and 2 only

B 1 and 3 only

C 2 and 3 only

D 1,2 and 3

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 Which list shows the fractions obtained from distilling petroleum, in order of increasing boiling point?

A bitumen $\rightarrow$ diesel oil $\rightarrow$ fuel oil $\rightarrow$ lubricating oil

B diesel oil $\rightarrow$ gasoline $\rightarrow$ naphtha $\rightarrow$ kerosene

C gasoline $\rightarrow$ naphtha $\rightarrow$ kerosene $\rightarrow$ diesel oil

D kerosene $\rightarrow$ lubricating oil $\rightarrow$ naphtha $\rightarrow$ refinery gas

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Which statement about members of a homologous series is correct?

A They are elements with the same chemical properties.

B They are compounds with the same functional group.

C They are atoms with the same number of outer electrons.

D They are molecules with the same boiling point.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Increasing the number of atoms in one molecule of a hydrocarbon increases the amount of
energy released when it burns.
What is the correct order?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

Which statements about ethanol are correct?
1 Ethanol is made by reacting steam with ethene at $300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
2 Ethanol is made by fermentation at $55^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$.
3 Ethanol burns to produce carbon dioxide and water.
4 Ethanol contains a carbon-carbon double bond.

A 1 and 2

B 1 and 3

C 2 and 3

D 3 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 Some properties of an organic compound $\mathrm{J}$ are listed.

  • It is a liquid at room temperature.
  • It is soluble in water.
  • A solution of $\mathrm{J}$ reacts with calcium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
  • A solution of $\mathrm{J}$ has a $\mathrm{pH}$ of 3 .

In which homologous series does $\mathrm{J}$ belong?

A alkane

B alkene

C alcohol

D carboxylic acid

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Which polymers or types of polymer are synthetic?

1 carbohydrates

2 nylon

3 proteins

4 Terylene

A 1 and 3

B 1 and 4

C 2 and 3

D 2 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

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