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Question

‘The movement of a substance very slowly from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.’
Which process is being described?

A a liquid being frozen

B a solid melting

C a substance diffusing through a liquid

D a substance diffusing through the air

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 What happens to the average speed of gas particles when pressure and temperature are increased?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

Which piece of apparatus can only measure a single fixed volume?

A $250 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ beaker

B $50 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ burette

C $100 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ measuring cylinder

D $25 \mathrm{~cm}^3$ pipette

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 In the chromatography experiment shown, which label represents the solvent front?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Which substances can be separated by filtration?

A insoluble liquid and water

B insoluble solid and water

C solution of soluble liquid in water

D solution of soluble solid in water

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 An atom of element R contains 15 protons, 16 neutrons and 15 electrons.  What is R?

A gallium

B phosphorus

C sulfur

D zinc

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 Which row describes the properties of potassium iodide, KI?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

Which diagram represents a mixture of compounds?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Rubidium is in Group I of the Periodic Table and bromine is in Group VII.
Rubidium reacts with bromine to form an ionic compound.
Which row shows the electron change taking place for rubidium and the correct formula of the rubidium ion?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Which statement explains why graphite is used as a lubricant?

A All bonds between the atoms are weak.

B It conducts electricity.

C It has a low melting point.

D Layers in the structure can slide over each other.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

The equation for burning propane in air is shown.
$
\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_8(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{xO}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{yH} \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})
$
Which values of $x$ and $y$ balance the equation?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 The relative atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5 .
When calculating relative atomic mass, which particle is the mass of a chlorine atom compared to?

A a neutron

B a proton

C an atom of carbon-12

D an atom of hydrogen-1

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Concentrated aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed using platinum electrodes.
What is the major product formed at each electrode?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Three substances are listed.
1 copper
2 dilute sulfuric acid
3 solid lead(II) bromide

Which substances conduct electricity?

A 1,2 and 3

B 1 and 2 only

C 1 and 3 only

D 2 and 3 only

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 Sodium nitrate is added to water in a beaker and stirred until it dissolves.
At the end of the experiment, the beaker feels cold.
Which row describes the reaction?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 Which substance does not require oxygen in order to produce energy?

A coal

B hydrogen

C natural gas

D ${ }^{235} \mathrm{U}$

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

Which process involves a physical change?

A heating calcium carbonate

B burning wood

C melting an ice cube

D mixing an acid and a base

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

A sign displayed in a flour mill is shown.

Which statement explains why there is a danger of explosion in a flour mill?
A Flour burns very quickly because it is a fine powder.

B Flour is a catalyst for combustion.

C Flour mills get hot and speed up the rate of combustion.

D The combustion of flour is exothermic.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 The graph shows the results of two experiments investigating the rate of reaction between
excess calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
In each experiment the volume of carbon dioxide produced is measured at fixed time intervals.

Which statement describes the difference in conditions between experiments 1 and 2 ?
A In experiment 2 a higher concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid is used.

B In experiment 2 a higher temperature is used.

C In experiment 2 the mass of calcium carbonate is greater.

D In experiment 2 the particle size of calcium carbonate is greater.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the solid changes to blue.
$
\mathrm{CoCl}_2 \cdot 6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CoCl}_2+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}
$
What happens when water is added to the blue solid?

▶️Answer/Explanation

AnsB

Question

In which change is the sulfur, $\mathrm{S}$, in sulfur(I) oxide, $\mathrm{S}_2 \mathrm{O}$, reduced?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 What is a characteristic of acids?

A Acids turn methyl orange indicator yellow.

B Acids have a high $\mathrm{pH}$ value.

C Acids react with ammonium salts to give ammonia gas.

D Acids react with carbonates to produce salts.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Four different groups of oxides are shown.
$1 \mathrm{MgO} \mathrm{FeO} \mathrm{CuO}$
$2 \mathrm{CaO} \quad \mathrm{SO}_2 \quad \mathrm{TiO}_2$
$3 \mathrm{PbO} \mathrm{CaO} \quad \mathrm{Cl}_2 \mathrm{O}$
$4 \quad \mathrm{NO}_2 \quad \mathrm{Br}_2 \mathrm{O} \quad \mathrm{P}_2 \mathrm{O}_5$
Which statement about these oxides is correct?

A 1,2 and 3 contain basic oxides only.

B 2, 3 and 4 contain basic oxides only.

C 1 contains basic oxides only and 4 contains acidic oxides only.

D 1 contains acidic oxides only and 4 contains basic oxides only.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

A student carries out an experiment to prepare pure magnesium sulfate crystals.
The diagram shows the first stage of the preparation.

He adds magnesium carbonate until no more reacts.
Which process should he use for the next stage?

A crystallisation

B evaporation

C filtration

D neutralisation

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

The positions of four elements in the Periodic Table are shown.
Which element is a gas that displaces iodine from sodium iodide?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 A flammable gas needs to be removed from a tank at an industrial plant. For safety reasons, an inert gas is used.
Which gas is suitable?

A argon

B hydrogen

C methane

D oxygen

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 A substance, $X$, has the following properties.
1 It has a high melting point.
2 It conducts electricity in the solid and liquid states.
3 It is malleable.
4 It has a high density.
What is $X$ ?

A a ceramic

B copper

C graphite

D sodium chloride

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

 A reactivity series is shown.

sodium
calcium
magnesium
carbon
zinc
iron
hydrogen
copper

Which statement is correct?
A All the metals above carbon are extracted by electrolysis.

B Iron can only be extracted by electrolysis.

C Calcium can be extracted by heating calcium oxide with carbon.

D Copper can only be extracted by passing hydrogen over heated copper(II) oxide.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 What is the symbol of the metal used in the manufacture of aircraft because of its strength and low density?

A  Al                                  B Cu                                     C Fe                                              D Zn

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

 Oxides of nitrogen are given out from car exhausts.
Which row best shows why oxides of nitrogen are unwanted in the atmosphere?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Two reactions, M and N, both form carbon dioxide.

$\mathrm{CaCO}_3 \stackrel{\mathrm{M}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CO}_2 \stackrel{\mathrm{N}}{\longleftarrow} \mathrm{CH}_4$

Which types of reaction are M and N?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which row describes two uses of sulfur dioxide?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which statement about lime and limestone is correct?

A Calcium oxide is formed from limestone in a displacement reaction.

B Lime is used to treat alkaline soils.

C Limestone is a waste material in the manufacture of iron.

D Slaked lime is used in the process of flue gas desulfurisation.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:D

Question

 Which compound has a chemical name ending in –ol ?

A $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{OH}$

B $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$

c $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}$

D $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_4$

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:A

Question

Petroleum is separated into fractions by fractional distillation.

Separation occurs in a fractionating column.

Some properties of three of these fractions are shown.

Which statement is correct?
A Fraction 1 has a higher boiling point range than fraction 2.

B Fraction 2 is removed from a higher point in the fractionating column than fraction 1.

C Molecules in fraction 3 have shorter chains than those in fraction 2 .

D None of the fractions are liquid at room temperature.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

Which statement about alkenes is correct?

A Alkenes are saturated hydrocarbons.

B Alkenes can be made by cracking other hydrocarbon compounds.

C Alkenes change bromine water from colourless to brown.

D Alkene molecules contain double bonds between carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms.

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

The flow chart shows the preparation of ethanol and some important chemistry of ethanol.
$
\text { substance } X \stackrel{\text { fermentation }}{\longrightarrow} \text { ethanol } \stackrel{\text { process } Y}{\longrightarrow} \text { carbon dioxide + substance } Z
$
What are $\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{Y}$ and $\mathrm{Z}$ ?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:B

Question

Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?
1 It is an alkane.

2 It reacts with sodium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.

3 It changes the colour of litmus solution from blue to red.

4 It is a hydrocarbon.

A 1 and 2

B 1 and 4

C 2 and 3

D 3 and 4

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

Question

 Which substance is a polymer?

A diamond

B graphite

C nylon

D sodium chloride

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans:C

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