Question 1:
Which term describes the ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment?
(A) excretion
(B) growth
(C) movement
(D) sensitivity
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 2:
The diagram shows some cells in the gas exchange system.
Which label shows the part of the gas exchange system where these cells are found?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 3:
Which biological molecule contains the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen?
(A) carbohydrate
(B) fat
(C) oil
(D) protein
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 4:
The graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction.
Which statements are correct?
1 Enzyme molecules denature above 50 ºC and below 20 ºC.
2 Increasing the temperature between 10 ºC and 40 ºC increases the kinetic energy of enzyme molecules.
3 The shape of the active site changes between 40 ºC and 60 ºC.
(A) 1, 2 and 3
(B) 1 and 2 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 2 and 3 only
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 5:
The diagram shows a mesophyll cell.
In which structure does photosynthesis take place?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 6:
The diagram shows a villus.
What are structures P and Q and which substances do they absorb?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 7:
In which weather conditions is the rate of transpiration fastest?
(A) cold and dry
(B) cold and wet
(C) warm and dry
(D) warm and wet
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 8:
A student breathed gently in and out of the mouthpiece of the apparatus shown.
What were the results after 10 breaths?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 9:
A student looks at an object at a distance and then looks at an object close by. This ability to focus on both objects is brought about by changing the shape of the lens.
What is this called?
(A) accommodation
(B) coordination
(C) pupil reflex
(D) transmission
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 10:
Which statement describes one similarity between asexual and sexual reproduction?
(A) They both involve gametes.
(B) They both involve parent and offspring.
(C) They both produce genetically identical individuals.
(D) They both require fertilisation to take place.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 11:
Horn development in some cattle is controlled by a pair of alleles. The allele for not developing horns is dominant to the allele for developing horns.
The pedigree diagram shows cattle with and without horns.
How many of the cattle are definitely heterozygous?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 12:
What is an example of an ecosystem?
(A) a decomposing log and the organisms in it
(B) a food chain
(C) the network of burrows in which some rabbits live
(D) the oak trees in a forest
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 13:
Which processes change the amount of carbon dioxide in the air?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 14:
Sea water is heated in the apparatus shown.
Which row describes changes at positions X and Y?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 15:
An experiment is assembled to measure the rate of reaction between limestone and hydrochloric acid.
In the experiment a gas is released. The volume of gas produced is measured every five seconds.
Which piece of apparatus cannot be used to measure the volume of gas?
(A) burette
(B) measuring cylinder
(C) pipette
(D) gas syringe
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 16:
What is a property of a typical covalent compound?
(A) low electrical conductivity
(B) high melting point
(C) low volatility
(D) soluble in water
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 17:
The formula of an ammonium ion is NH$_{4}$$^{+}$.
The formula of a phosphate ion is PO$_{4}$$^{3-}$.
What is the formula of ammonium phosphate?
(A) $(NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}$
(B) $(NH_{4})_{2}PO_{4}$
(C) $NH_{4}PO_{4}$
(D) $NH_{4}(PO_{4})_{3}$
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 18:
Which statement describes what happens during electrolysis?
(A) Covalent compounds produce more complex substances.
(B) Covalent compounds produce simpler substances.
(C) Ionic compounds produce more complex substances.
(D) Ionic compounds produce simpler substances.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 19:
When a match burns, heat and light energy are produced.
Which row describes the type of change and the type of reaction taking place?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 20:
The equation for the reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen is shown.
$2SO_{2(g)}$ + $O_{2}(g)$ → $2SO_{3}(g)$
Which statements explain why the rate of this reaction increases at higher temperatures?
1 The molecules move closer together so they collide more frequently.
2 The molecules move more quickly so they collide more frequently.
3 The activation energy is decreased.
4 More colliding particles possess the activation energy.
(A) 1 and 3
(B) 1 and 4
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 2 and 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 21:
All Group I metal compounds and all Group II metal chlorides are soluble in water.
All Group II metal carbonates and barium sulfate are insoluble.
Which method is used to prepare barium sulfate using barium carbonate?
(A) direct combination of solid barium carbonate and dilute sulfuric acid
(B) reaction of solid barium carbonate and hydrogen chloride gas, followed by reaction with dilute sulfuric acid
(C) reaction of aqueous barium carbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by reaction with aqueous sodium sulfate
(D) reaction of solid barium carbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by reaction with aqueous sodium sulfate
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 22:
Which electronic structure belongs to a non-metallic element?
(A) 2
(B) 2,2
(C) 2,8,2
(D) 2,8,8,2
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 23:
Tennessine is a newly discovered halogen and is below astatine in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
Which row predicts the appearance of tennessine and the effect of adding aqueous potassium iodide?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 24:
Which statement about the extraction of metals is correct?
(A) Aluminium ore is called hematite.
(B) Aluminium is extracted from its ore by heating with carbon.
(C) Iron oxide is reduced to iron by heating with carbon monoxide.
(D) Limestone is used to remove basic impurities in a blast furnace.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 25:
In a test for water, water turns anhydrous copper(II) ……1…… from ……2…… to ……3…… .
Which words complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 26:
What is a general formula for unsaturated hydrocarbons?
(A) $C_{n}H_{n+2}$
(B) $C_{2n}H_{2n+2}$
(C) $C_{n}H_{2n}$
(D) $C_{n}H_{2n+2}$
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 27:
Poly(ethene) and nylon are two different types of polymer.
Which statement about these polymers is correct?
(A) Nylon is an addition polymer.
(B) The linkage between monomers in nylon is –CONH–.
(C) Poly(ethene) and nylon are made from the same monomers.
(D) Poly(ethene) and nylon have the same linkages between their monomers.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 28:
A solid, rectangular metal block has the dimensions shown.
The mass of the block is 2700 g.
What is the density of the metal?
(A) $\frac{25 \times 5}{2700}$ g / cm$^{3}$
(B) $\frac{25 \times 5\times 8 }{2700}g$ g / cm$^{3}$
(C) $\frac{2700}{25\times 5}g$ / cm$^{3}$
(D) $\frac{2700}{25\times 5\times 8}$ g / cm$^{3}$
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 29:
The length of a spring changes when a force is applied to stretch the spring.
The table shows how the length of the spring depends on the force.
What is the length of the spring when the limit of proportionality is reached?
(A) exactly 22 cm
(B) between 31 cm and 35 cm
(C) exactly 35 cm
(D) between 35 cm and 45 cm
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 30:
A see-saw (teeter-totter) rests on a pivot at its centre.
A child of weight 250 N sits on one side of the see-saw at a distance of 1.6 m from the pivot.
A second child balances the see-saw by sitting on the other side of the pivot at a distance of 1.2 m from the pivot.
What is the weight of the second child?
(A) 190 N
(B) 250 N
(C) 330 N
(D) 400 N
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 31:
The Sun is the source of energy for most energy resources.
In which group of resources is energy input from the Sun the only source of energy?
(A) coal, geothermal, gasoline
(B) hydroelectric, tidal, waves
(C) natural gas, solar, wind
(D) nuclear, solar, wood
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 32:
A student observes that a substance X does not flow.
Which statement about substance X is correct?
(A) It can be either a gas or a liquid.
(B) It can only be a gas.
(C) It can only be a liquid.
(D) It can only be a solid.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 33:
A ray of light travels from glass into air.
In which direction is the light refracted and how does the speed of the light change?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 34:
Gamma rays and microwaves are both electromagnetic radiations.
Which statement about their frequencies and speeds in a vacuum is correct?
(A) Gamma rays have greater frequencies than microwaves and travel at a greater speed.
(B) Gamma rays have greater frequencies than microwaves and travel at the same speed.
(C) Gamma rays have smaller frequencies than microwaves and travel at a greater speed.
(D) Gamma rays have smaller frequencies than microwaves and travel at the same speed.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 35:
Which statement about the core of an electromagnet is correct?
(A) It is made of soft iron because soft iron is easy to magnetise.
(B) It is made of soft iron because soft iron does not lose its magnetism easily.
(C) It is made of steel because steel is easy to magnetise.
(D) It is made of steel because steel loses its magnetism easily.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Question 36:
A wire of a certain length has a resistance of 8.0Ω. A second wire made of the same material has
double the length and double the cross-sectional area of the first wire.
What is the resistance of the second wire?
(A) 4.0Ω
(B) 8.0Ω
(C) 16Ω
(D) 32Ω
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: B
Question 37:
A circuit contains a cell and two resistors connected in parallel. The currents in each part of the circuit are labelled I$_{1}$, I$_{2}$ and I$_{3}$.
What is the relationship between the currents?
(A) I$_{1}$ = I$_{2}$
(B) I$_{1}$ = I$_{3}$
(C) I$_{1}$ > I$_{2}$ + I$_{3}$
(D) I$_{1}$ = I$_{2}$ + I$_{3}$
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Question 38:
The instructions for a household lamp state that the plug must be fitted with a 3A fuse.
What happens if a 13A fuse is fitted by mistake?
(A) The fuse blows too easily.
(B) The lamp lights less brightly.
(C) The wires connecting the lamp to the plug overheat if a fault develops.
(D) Too much voltage is supplied to the lamp.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 39:
A transformer with an efficiency of 100% has an input current of 10A. The input voltage is 100V and the output voltage is 20V.
What is the output current?
(A) 2.0A
(B) 10A
(C) 50A
(D) 200A
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: C
Question 40:
A uranium nucleus decays into a thorium nucleus. The thorium nucleus then decays into a protactinium nucleus.
$_{238}^{92}\textrm{U}\to _{234}^{90}\textrm{Th}\to _{234}^{91}\textrm{Pa}$
Which emissions take place during the decays?
(A) an alpha-particle followed by a beta-particle
(B) an alpha-particle followed by another alpha-particle
(C) a beta-particle followed by an alpha-particle
(D) a beta-particle followed by another beta-particle
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans: A