Questions 1
Topic – 1.2
What is a scalar quantity?
A a quantity that can be represented as two perpendicular components
B a quantity that does not require a unit
C a quantity without a direction
D a quantity without a magnitude
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 2
Topic – 1.3
The value of quantity X has a percentage uncertainty of 2%. The value of quantity Y has a percentage uncertainty of 4%. The value of a quantity W is calculated from the values of X and Y. The value of W has a percentage uncertainty of 8%. What could be the relationship between W, X and Y?
A W = XY
B W = 2XY
C \(W=\frac{X}{Y^2}\)
D \(W=\frac{Y}{X^2}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 3
Topic – 3.1
A football is kicked so that it moves vertically upwards through the air. What is the variation in the air resistance and the resultant force acting on the ball as it moves vertically upwards?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 4
Topic – 2.1
Which statement is not correct?
A Acceleration can be determined from the gradient of a velocity–time graph.
B Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
C Displacement can be determined from the area under a velocity–time graph.
D Velocity is the rate of change of distance.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 5
Topic – 2.1
The diagram shows a laboratory experiment in which a feather falls from rest in a long evacuated vertical tube of length L.
The feather takes time T to fall from the top to the bottom of the tube. How far does the feather fall from the top of the tube in time 0.50T?
A 0.13L
B 0.25L
C 0.38L
D 0.50L
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 6
Topic – 2.1
A car travels along a straight horizontal road. The graph shows the variation of the velocity v of the car with time t for 6.0 s of its journey.
The brakes of the car are applied from t = 1.0 s to t = 4.0 s. How far does the car travel while the brakes are applied?
A 21 m
B 45 m
C 67 m
D 83 m
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 7
Topic – 3.1
Two satellites in deep space collide inelastically. What happens to the total kinetic energy and total momentum?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 8
Topic – 3.2
What is a reasonable estimate of the momentum of a family car travelling at 25 kilometres per
hour?
A \(1 \times 10^4 kg ms^{–1}\)
B \(1 \times 10^5 kg ms^{–1}\)
C \(1 \times 10^6 kg ms^{–1}\)
D \(1 \times 10^7 kg ms^{–1}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 9
Topic – 2.1
A ball collides with a wall. Before the collision, the ball moves with velocity \(8 m s^{–1}\) to the right. After the collision, it moves with velocity \(3 m s^{–1}\) to the left. What is the change in velocity of the ball during the collision?
A \(5 m s^{–1}\) to the left
B \(5 m s^{–1}\) to the right
C \(11 m s^{–1}\) to the left
D \(11 m s^{–1}\) to the right
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 10
Topic – 3.2
A lead pellet is shot vertically upwards into a clay block that is stationary at the moment of impact, but is able to rise freely after impact.
The mass of the pellet is 5.0 g and the mass of the clay block is 95 g. The pellet hits the block with an initial vertical velocity of \(200 m s^{–1}\). It embeds itself in the block and does not emerge. How high above its initial position will the block rise?
A 5.1 m
B 5.6 m
C 10 m
D 100 m
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 11
Topic – 4.1
Two forces act on an object. Which diagram represents a couple?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 12
Topic – 4.1
The diagram shows a uniform rod, XY, that is freely hinged to a vertical wall at end Y. The rod is at an angle of 60° to the wall.
A force F acts at an angle of 30° to the rod at end X. The rod has a weight of 3.0 N and is in equilibrium. What is the magnitude of force F?
A 0.87 N
B 1.5 N
C 2.6 N
D 5.2 N
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 13
Topic – 4.1
Water has a density of 1.0 \(gcm^{–3}\). Glycerine has a density of 1.3 \(gcm^{–3}\). A student measures out a volume of 40 \(cm^3\) of glycerine into a container. The student adds water to the container to make a mixture of water and glycerine. Assume that the total volume of water and glycerine does not change when the two liquids are mixed. Which volume of water needs to be added to make a mixture of density 1.1 \(gcm^{–3}\)?
A 4.0 \(cm^3\)
B 8.0 \(cm^3\)
C 34 \(cm^3\)
D 80 \(cm^3\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 14
Topic – 3.3
The force resisting the motion of a car is proportional to the square of the car’s speed. The magnitude of the force at a speed of 20.0 \(m s^{–1}\) is 800N. What useful output power is required from the car’s engine to maintain a steady speed of 40.0 \(m s^{–1}\)?
A 32 kW
B 64 kW
C 128 kW
D 512 kW
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 15
Topic – 5.1
A box of weight W is pulled by a force P along a slope. The length of the slope is d, and the box rises a height h. The frictional force between the box and the slope is F. The diagram shows the directions of the forces.
The purpose of the slope is to raise the box vertically. Which expression gives the efficiency of the slope?
A \(\frac{Fd}{Wh}\)
B \(\frac{Pd}{Wh}\)
C \(\frac{Wh}{Fd}\)
D \(\frac{Wh}{Pd}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 16
Topic – 3.3
The kinetic energy of a particle is increased by a factor of 4. By what factor does its speed increase?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 17
Topic – 5.2
A mass of 28 g is raised vertically upwards through a distance of 4.6 m. What is the change in gravitational potential energy of the mass?
A 0.13 J
B 1.3 J
C 130 J
D 1300 J
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 18
Topic – 6.2
A sample of metal is subjected to a force which increases to a maximum value and then decreases back to zero. A force–extension graph for the sample is shown.
When the sample contracts, it follows the same force–extension curve as when it was being stretched. What is the behaviour of the metal between X and Y?
A both elastic and plastic
B not elastic and not plastic
C elastic but not plastic
D plastic but not elastic
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 19
Topic – 6.2
Two wires, P and Q, made of the same material, are stretched with an increasing force. A graph is plotted of the variation with force of the extension of each wire.
The wires have the same original length but different diameters. What is the ratio \(\frac{diameter of wire P}{diameter of wire Q}\)?
A \(\frac{1}{3}\)
B \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
C \({\sqrt{3}}\)
D 3
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 20
Topic – 6.2
An extension–force graph for a spring is shown.
What is the spring constant of the spring?
A 0.025 \(N m^{–1}\)
B 0.40 \(N m^{–1}\)
C 2.5 \(N m^{–1}\)
D 40 \(N m^{–1}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 21
Topic – 7.1
A man stands stationary in front of a swing. A child sits and swings.
The child blows a whistle that emits a sound at a constant frequency. The man observes the frequency of the sound when the swing is at positions X, Y and Z. When will the man hear the highest frequency?
A when the swing is at X
B when the swing is at Y and moving away from the man
C when the swing is at Y and moving towards the man
D when the swing is at Z
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 22
Topic – 7.1
A loudspeaker is playing music in a room. The door to the room is open and has a width of 0.80 m. Sound waves of many different frequencies pass through the doorway and diffract. The speed of sound in air is 340 \(m s^{–1}\). Which frequency of sound wave diffracts the most as it passes through the doorway?
A \(2.4 \times 10^{–3}Hz\)
B \(8.0 \times 10^{–1}Hz\)
C \(2.7 \times 10^2Hz\)
D \(4.3 \times 10^2Hz\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 23
Topic – 7.1
A stationary sound wave is set up between a loudspeaker and a wall. A microphone is connected to a cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO) and is moved along a line directly between the loudspeaker and the wall. The amplitude of the trace on the CRO rises to a maximum at a position X, falls to a minimum and then rises once again to a maximum at a position Y. The distance between X and Y is 33 cm. The speed of sound in air is \(330 m s^{–1}\). Which diagram could represent the CRO trace of the sound received at X?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 24
Topic – 7.2
Polarisation is associated with certain waves. Which waves cannot be polarised?
A radio waves from a transmitter
B sound waves from a moving source
C ultraviolet rays from the Sun
D X-rays from an X-ray emitter
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 25
Topic – 7.2
A guitar string is plucked. Which statement describes the resulting waves?
A Longitudinal waves on the string cause longitudinal waves in the air.
B Longitudinal waves on the string cause transverse waves in the air.
C Transverse waves on the string cause longitudinal waves in the air.
D Transverse waves on the string cause transverse waves in the air.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 26
Topic – 7.3
A diffraction grating with N lines per metre is used to diffract light of various wavelengths \(\lambda \). The graph shows the relation between the diffraction angle \(\Theta \) and \(\lambda \) for different wavelengths in the \(n^{th}\) order interference pattern.
What is the gradient of the graph?
A Nn
B \(\frac{N}{n}\)
C \(\frac{n}{N}\)
D \(\frac{1}{Nn}\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 27
Topic – 7.1
A stationary sound wave is formed in the air column inside a tube that is open at both ends. The stationary wave has three nodes. How many antinodes does it have?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 28
Topic – 7.2
Interference fringes of separation x are observed on a screen at a distance of 1.00 m from a double slit that is illuminated by yellow light of wavelength 600 nm. At which distance from the double slit would interference fringes of the same separation x be observed when using blue light of wavelength 400 nm?
A 0.33 m
B 0.67 m
C 0.75 m
D 1.50 m
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 29
Topic – 9.2
What is the definition of potential difference across a component?
A energy transferred per unit charge
B energy transferred per unit current
C energy transferred per unit distance
D energy transferred per unit time
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 30
Topic – 10.1
The diagram shows a cell of negligible internal resistance connected to a switch and two resistors of resistances R and 2R.
The circuit also contains two ammeters X and Y. The reading on X is 4.0A when the switch is open. What are the readings on X and Y after the switch is closed?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 31
Topic -9.2
The I–V characteristics for four components, A, B, C and D, are shown. Which component has the greatest resistance when the potential difference across it is \(V_1\)?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 32
Topic -9.3
A cylindrical wire has cross-sectional area A and number density of free electrons n. The wire has current I and the free electrons have average drift speed v. A second cylindrical wire has cross-sectional area 0.5A and number density of free electrons 2n. In this wire, the free electrons have average drift speed 2v. What is the current in the second wire?
A 0.5I
B I
C 2I
D 4I
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 33
Topic -9.1
An electric current is formed by moving charge carriers. What is not a possible charge on a charge carrier?
A \(–4.8 \times 10^{–19}C\)
B \(–2.4 \times 10^{–19}C\)
C \(+1.6 \times 10^{–19}C\)
D \(+3.2 \times 10^{–19}C\)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 34
Topic -10.2
Which description of Kirchhoff’s first law is correct?
A It considers the currents at a junction in a circuit and is a consequence of the conservation of charge.
B It considers the currents at a junction in a circuit and is a consequence of the conservation of energy.
C It considers the electromotive forces and potential differences in a circuit loop and is a consequence of the conservation of charge.
D It considers the electromotive forces and potential differences in a circuit loop and is a consequence of the conservation of energy.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 35
Topic -10.2
Two resistors of resistances r and R are connected in parallel. The value of r is less than that of R.
Which statement about the combined resistance of the two resistors is correct?
A It is between r and R.
B It is equal to (r + R).
C It is greater than (r + R).
D It is less than r.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 36
Topic – 10.2
The diagram shows four identical resistors connected in a circuit. Which resistor dissipates the most power?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans A
Questions 37
Topic -11.1
Nuclide X with proton number Z undergoes \(\beta ^+ \) decay to form nuclide Y. The decay may be represented by the equation shown.
\(X\to Y+\beta ^+ +W \)
What is the proton number of Y and which particle is represented by the symbol W?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans B
Questions 38
Topic -11.2
Which fundamental particles form a hadron?
A leptons
B nucleons
C photons
D quarks
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans D
Questions 39
Topic -11.1
The unstable nuclide \(_{84}^{218}\textrm{X}\) decays through a sequence of emissions of \(\alpha \) and \(\beta^-\) particles to form the stable nuclide \(_{83}^{210}\textrm{Y}\). How many \(\alpha \) and \(\beta^-\) particles are emitted during this decay process?
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C
Questions 40
Topic -11.1
Which statement about radioactive decay is correct?
A Neutrinos are always emitted during \(\alpha \)-decay.
B The \(\alpha \)-particles emitted from a radioactive sample have a continuous range of kinetic energies.
C The \(\beta^-\) particles emitted from a radioactive sample have a continuous range of kinetic energies.
D The proton number of a nucleus decreases by four when it undergoes \(\alpha \)-decay.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans C