CIE AS & A Level Chemistry 9701: Concise Summary Notes - New Syllabus - 2025-2027
CIE AS & A Level Chemistry 9701 AS Level Study Notes – New Syllabus 2025-2027
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AS & A Level Chemistry subject content
Topic 1: Atomic structure
- 1.1 Particles in the atom and atomic radius
- 1.2 Isotopes
- 1.3 Electrons, energy levels and atomic orbitals
- 1.4 Ionisation energy
Topic 2: Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry
- 2.1 Relative masses of atoms and molecules
- 2.2 The mole and the Avogadro constant
- 2.3 Formulae
- 2.4 Reacting masses and volumes (of solutions and gases)
Topic 3: Chemical bonding
- 3.1 Electronegativity and bonding
- 3.2 Ionic bonding
- 3.3 Metallic bonding
- 3.4 Covalent bonding and coordinate (dative covalent) bonding
- 3.5 Shapes of molecules
- 3.6 Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties
- 3.7 Dot-and-cross diagrams
Topic 4: States of matter
- 4.1 The gaseous state: ideal and real gases and $p V=n R T$
- 4.2 Bonding and structure
Topic 5: Chemical energetics
- 5.1 Enthalpy change, $\Delta H$
- 5.2 Hess’s Law
Topic 6: Electrochemistry
- 6.1 Redox processes: electron transfer and changes in oxidation number (oxidation state)
Topic 7: Equilibria
- 7.1 Chemical equilibria: reversible reactions, dynamic equilibrium
- 7.2 Brønsted–Lowry theory of acids and bases
Topic 8: Reaction kinetics
- 8.1 Rate of reaction
- 8.2 Effect of temperature on reaction rates and the concept of activation energy
- 8.3 Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts
Topic 9: The Periodic Table: chemical periodicity
- 9.1 Periodicity of physical properties of the elements in Period 3
- 9.2 Periodicity of chemical properties of the elements in Period 3
- 9.3 Chemical periodicity of other elements
Topic 10: Group 2
- 10.1 Similarities and trends in the properties of the Group 2 metals, magnesium to barium, and their compounds
Topic 11: Group 17
- 11.1 Physical properties of the Group 17 elements
- 11.2 The chemical properties of the halogen elements and the hydrogen halides
- 11.3 Some reactions of the halide ions
- 11.4 The reactions of chlorine
Topic 12: Nitrogen and sulfur
- 12.1 Nitrogen and sulfur
Topic 13: An introduction to AS Level organic chemistry
- 13.1 Formulae, functional groups and the naming of organic compounds
- 13.2 Characteristic organic reactions
- 13.3 Shapes of organic molecules; $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds
- 13.4 Isomerism: structural and stereoisomerism
Topic 14: Hydrocarbons
- 14.1 Alkanes
- 14.2 Alkenes
Topic 15: Halogen compounds
- 15.1 Halogenoalkanes
Topic 16: Hydroxy compounds
- 16.1 Alcohols
Topic 17: Carbonyl compounds
- 17.1 Aldehydes and ketones
Topic 18: Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- 18.1 Carboxylic acids
- 18.2 Esters
Topic 19:Nitrogen compounds
- 19.1 Primary amines
- 19.2 Nitriles and hydroxynitriles
Topic 20: Polymerisation
- 20.1 Addition polymerisation
Topic 21: Organic synthesis
- 21.1 Organic synthesis
Topic 22: Analytical techniques
- 22.1 Infrared spectroscopy
- 22.2 Mass spectrometry
AS & A Level Chemistry subject content
Topic 23: Chemical energetics
- 23.1 Lattice energy and Born-Haber cycles
- 23.2 Enthalpies of solution and hydration
- 23.3 Entropy change, $\Delta S$
- 23.4 Gibbs free energy change, $\Delta G$
Topic 24: Electrochemistry
- 24.1 Electrolysis
- 24.2 Standard electrode potentials $E^{\ominus}$; standard cell potentials $E_{\text {cell }}^{\ominus}$ and the Nernst equation
Topic 25: Equilibria
- 25.1 Acids and bases
- 25.2 Partition coefficients
Topic 26: Reaction kinetics
- 26.1 Simple rate equations, orders of reaction and rate constants
- 26.2 Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts
Topic 27: Group 2
- 27.1 Similarities and trends in the properties of the Group 2 metals, magnesium to barium, and their compounds
Topic 28: Chemistry of transition elements
- 28.1 General physical and chemical properties of the first row of transition elements, titanium to copper
- 28.2 General characteristic chemical properties of the first set of transition elements, titanium to copper
- 28.3 Colour of complexes
- 28.4 Stereoisomerism in transition element complexes
- 28.5 Stability constants, $K_{\text {stab }}$
Topic 29: An introduction to A Level organic chemistry
- 29.1 Formulae, functional groups and the naming of organic compounds
- 29.2 Characteristic organic reactions
- 29.3 Shapes of aromatic organic molecules; $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds
- 29.4 Isomerism: optical
Topic 30: Hydrocarbons
- 30.1 Arenes
Topic 31: Halogen compounds
- 31.1 Halogen compounds
Topic 32: Hydroxy compounds
- 32.1 Alcohols
- 32.2 Phenol
Topic 33: Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- 33.1 Carboxylic acids
- 33.2 Esters
- 33.3 Acyl chlorides
Topic 34: Nitrogen compounds
- 34.1 Primary and secondary amines
- 34.2 Phenylamine and azo compounds
- 34.3 Amides
- 34.4 Amino acids
Topic 35: Polymerisation
- 35.1 Condensation polymerisation
- 35.2 Predicting the type of polymerisation
- 35.3 Degradable polymers
Topic 36: Organic synthesis
- 36.1 Organic synthesis
Topic 37: Analytical techniques
- 37.1 Thin-layer chromatography
- 37.2 Gas / liquid chromatography
- 37.3 Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy
- 37.4 Proton $\left({ }^1 \mathrm{H}\right)$ NMR spectroscopy