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AP Statistics 5.1 Introducing Statistics: Why Is My Sample Not Like Yours? - MCQs - Exam Style Questions

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Question

If a statistic has a sampling distribution whose mean is different from the true value of the parameter which the statistic is estimating, the statistic is said to be
(A) biased
(B) random
(C) unbiased
(D) efficient
(E) consistent
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Detailed solution

1. Define Unbiased Estimator:
An estimator is considered **unbiased** if the mean of its sampling distribution is equal to the true value of the population parameter it is intended to estimate.

2. Define Biased Estimator:
Conversely, an estimator is **biased** if the mean of its sampling distribution is not equal to the true value of the parameter. The question describes exactly this situation.
✅ Answer: (A)

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