CELLS 1.1 Biomolecules- Pre AP Biology Study Notes - New Syllabus.
CELLS 1.1 Biomolecules- Pre AP Biology Study Notes
CELLS 1.1 Biomolecules- Pre AP Biology Study Notes – New Syllabus.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
CELLS 1.1(a) Differentiate between the major macromolecules based on their structure and/or function.
CELLS 1.2(a) Explain the role macromolecules play in supporting cellular function.
Key Concepts:
CELLS 1.1.1 The four classes of organic macromolecules are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each class has unique chemical structures.
a. These organic macromolecules are primarily made up of just a few elements—carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus.
b. Most macromolecules are polymers that are made up of specific, smaller subunits called monomers.CELLS 1.2.1 Each class of macromolecule carries out specific functions in biological systems.
a. Carbohydrates serve as the primary source of energy for organisms in the forms of glycogen and starch, and as structural support in plant cell walls in the form of cellulose.
b. Lipids are used as a source of energy and as building blocks of biological membranes.
c. Proteins are responsible for numerous cellular functions, such as catalyzing reactions, providing structure, and aiding in cell transport and signaling.
d. Nucleic acids are responsible for storing and transferring genetic information in the form of DNA and RNA.