EVO 2.2 Selective Mechanisms- Pre AP Biology Study Notes - New Syllabus.
EVO 2.2 Selective Mechanisms- Pre AP Biology Study Notes
EVO 2.2 Selective Mechanisms- Pre AP Biology Study Notes – New Syllabus.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
EVO 2.2(a) Describe how selective pressures in the environment can affect an organism’s fitness.
EVO 2.2(b) Explain how selective pressures in the environment could cause shifts in phenotypic and/or allele frequencies.
EVO 2.2(c) Use data to describe how changes in the environment affect phenotypes in a population.
EVO 2.2(d) Predict how allelic frequencies in a population shift in response to a change in the environment.
Key Concepts:
EVO 2.2.1 Darwin’s theory of natural selection is that a selective mechanism in biological evolution may lead to adaptations.
a. Abiotic ecosystem components (e.g., nutrients) and biotic ecosystem components (e.g., predators) act as selective pressures.
b. Favorable traits in a given environment lead to differential reproductive success, or fitness, and over time can produce changes in phenotypic and/or allele frequencies.
c. Heritable traits that increase an organism’s fitness are called adaptations.
d. Over time, the relative frequency of adaptations in a population’s gene pool can increase.
e. Patterns of natural selection can include phenomena such as coevolution, artificial selection, and sexual selection.EVO 2.2.2 Favorable traits are relative to their environment and subject to change.
a. Changes in the environment happen both naturally (e.g., floods, fires, climate change) and through human-induced activities (e.g., pollution, habitat destruction, climate change).