Pre AP Biology -GEN 2.1 DNA Synthesis (Replication)- MCQ Exam Style Questions -New Syllabus
Pre AP Biology -GEN 2.1 DNA Synthesis (Replication)- MCQ Exam Style Questions – New Syllabus 2025-2026
Pre AP Biology -GEN 2.1 DNA Synthesis (Replication)- MCQ Exam Style Questions – Pre AP Biology – per latest Pre AP Biology Syllabus.
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Calculate allele frequency $p$ ($A$): $0.60 + \frac{1}{2}(0.20) = 0.70$.
Calculate allele frequency $q$ ($a$): $0.20 + \frac{1}{2}(0.20) = 0.30$.
Under Hardy-Weinberg, the offspring frequency for $AA$ is $p^2 = (0.70)^2 = 0.49$.
The offspring frequency for $Aa$ is $2pq = 2(0.70)(0.30) = 0.42$.
The offspring frequency for $aa$ is $q^2 = (0.30)^2 = 0.09$.
These frequencies reach equilibrium in a single generation of random mating.
Therefore, the correct choice is c.
▶️ Answer/Explanation
The correct option is b.
DNA fingerprinting utilizes restriction enzymes to digest genomic DNA into fragments.
These fragments contain variable number tandem repeats ($VNTRs$) or $STRs$.
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate these fragments based on their molecular size.
Option a is incorrect as multiple loci are compared, not just one stretch.
Option c is false because smaller fragments, not longest, travel the greatest distance.
Option d is false because monozygotic twins possess identical genetic profiles.
▶️ Answer/Explanation
The correct answer is a. DNA polymerase.
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify specific $\text{DNA}$ sequences.
A thermostable DNA polymerase, such as Taq polymerase, is essential for the extension step.
It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding deoxynucleoside triphosphates ($\text{dNTPs}$) to a primer.
Unlike in vivo replication, PCR uses synthetic DNA primers, so primase is not required.
RNA polymerase is used for transcription, not for standard DNA amplification.
Reverse transcriptase is only used in RT-PCR to first convert $\text{RNA}$ into $\text{cDNA}$.