Edexcel iGCSE Biology-5.1 Population, Community, Habitat & Ecosystem- Study Notes- New Syllabus
Edexcel iGCSE Biology-5.1 Population, Community, Habitat & Ecosystem- Study Notes- New syllabus
Edexcel iGCSE Biology-5.1 Population, Community, Habitat & Ecosystem- Study Notes -Edexcel iGCSE Biology – per latest Syllabus.
Key Concepts:
5.1 understand the terms population, community, habitat and ecosystem
Key Ecology Terms
🔹 Introduction
In ecology, we study how organisms interact with each other and their environment.
Some important terms: population, community, habitat, ecosystem.
📌 Definitions
- Population: All individuals of one species in a given area.
Example: All oak trees in a forest, all tigers in Sundarbans. - Community: All populations of different species living together in an area.
Example: Forest community = trees + birds + insects + mammals + fungi. - Habitat: The place where an organism lives, providing food, shelter, and conditions to survive.
Example: Pond for frogs, desert for camels. - Ecosystem: The community of living organisms (biotic) + their non-living environment (abiotic) interacting together.
Example: Pond ecosystem (fish, algae, insects, water, sunlight, minerals).
📊 Summary Table
| Term | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Population | All individuals of one species in an area | All rabbits in a meadow |
| Community | All populations of different species together | Rabbits + foxes + grass + insects |
| Habitat | Place where an organism lives | Desert (camel), Pond (frog) |
| Ecosystem | Community + environment (biotic + abiotic) | Pond, rainforest, desert |
📝 Quick Recap
Population → one species in an area
Community → all species in an area
Habitat → home of an organism
Ecosystem → community + environment (living + non-living)