Edexcel A Level (IAL) Biology -8.22 Risks & Benefits of Using GMOs- Study Notes- New Syllabus
Edexcel A Level (IAL) Biology -8.22 Risks & Benefits of Using GMOs- Study Notes- New syllabus
Edexcel A Level (IAL) Biology -8.22 Risks & Benefits of Using GMOs- Study Notes -Edexcel A level Biology – per latest Syllabus.
Key Concepts:
- 8.22 understand the risks and benefits associated with the use of genetically modified organisms
Risks and Benefits of GMOs
🌱 Introduction
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms whose DNA has been altered to express desired traits. They are widely used in agriculture, medicine, and industry.
🌟 Benefits of GMOs
| Benefit | Example / Explanation |
|---|---|
| Improved crop yield | Crops resistant to pests or disease produce more food. |
| Enhanced nutritional value | Golden rice enriched with Vitamin A. |
| Reduced pesticide use | Bt crops produce insecticidal proteins naturally. |
| Medical production | GM bacteria produce insulin, vaccines, growth hormones. |
| Environmental protection | GM plants can be engineered to tolerate drought or salinity. |
🌟 Risks of GMOs
| Risk | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Allergic reactions | New proteins in GM foods may trigger allergies. |
| Gene transfer | Modified genes could spread to wild relatives, affecting ecosystems. |
| Resistance in pests/weeds | Over time, insects or weeds may become resistant to GM traits. |
| Biodiversity loss | GM crops may outcompete natural varieties. |
| Ethical / social concerns | Some people question “tampering with nature” and ownership of GM seeds. |
🔹 Key Points
- Careful testing and regulation are needed to reduce risks.
- Benefits are high in medicine and agriculture, but long-term environmental effects must be monitored.
- Risk vs benefit balance is considered before approving GMOs for use.
📦 Quick Recap
GMOs: organisms with altered DNA for desired traits.
Benefits: higher yield, pest resistance, improved nutrition, medical production.
Risks: allergies, gene flow, resistance, reduced biodiversity, ethical concerns.
Key idea: maximize benefits, minimize risks through careful testing and regulation.
GMOs: organisms with altered DNA for desired traits.
Benefits: higher yield, pest resistance, improved nutrition, medical production.
Risks: allergies, gene flow, resistance, reduced biodiversity, ethical concerns.
Key idea: maximize benefits, minimize risks through careful testing and regulation.