IBDP Maths SL 5.3 Derivative of f(x) AA HL Paper 2- Exam Style Questions- New Syllabus
Consider \( f(x) = \frac{1}{3}x^3 + 2x^2 – 5x \). Part of the graph of \( f \) is shown below. There is a maximum point at \( M \), and a point of inflexion at \( N \).
(a) Find \( f'(x) \). [3]
(b) Find the \( x \)-coordinate of \( M \). [4]
(c) Find the \( x \)-coordinate of \( N \). [3]
(d) The line \( L \) is the tangent to the curve of \( f \) at \( (3, 12) \). Find the equation of \( L \) in the form \( y = ax + b \). [4]
▶️ Answer/Explanation
(a) [3 marks]
\( f(x) = \frac{1}{3}x^3 + 2x^2 – 5x \).
\( f'(x) = x^2 + 4x – 5 \) (A1 for each term: \( x^2 \), \( 4x \), \( -5 \)).
(b) [4 marks]
Maximum at \( M \) when \( f'(x) = 0 \) (M1).
\( x^2 + 4x – 5 = 0 \implies (x + 5)(x – 1) = 0 \implies x = -5, 1 \) (A1).
Test second derivative: \( f”(x) = 2x + 4 \).
At \( x = -5 \): \( f”(-5) = 2(-5) + 4 = -6 < 0 \), maximum (A1).
\( x = -5 \) (A1).
(c) [3 marks]
Inflexion at \( N \) when \( f”(x) = 0 \) (M1).
\( f”(x) = 2x + 4 = 0 \implies x = -2 \) (A1).
Confirm by symmetry: midpoint of \( x = -5 \) and \( x = 1 \) is \( \frac{-5 + 1}{2} = -2 \) (A1).
(d) [4 marks]
Tangent at \( (3, 12) \): slope is \( f'(3) \) (M1).
\( f'(3) = 3^2 + 4 \cdot 3 – 5 = 16 \) (A1).
Equation: \( y – 12 = 16(x – 3) \implies y = 16x – 48 + 12 \) (M1).
\( y = 16x – 36 \) (A1).
Markscheme Answers:
(a) \( f'(x) = x^2 + 4x – 5 \) (A1A1A1)
(b) evidence of attempting to solve \( f'(x) = 0 \) (M1)
\( (x + 5)(x – 1) \) (A1)
\( x = -5, 1 \) (A1)
\( x = -5 \) (A1)
(c) \( f”(x) = 2x + 4 \) and set to zero (M1)
\( x = -2 \) (A1)
OR use symmetry, e.g., midpoint \( \frac{-5 + 1}{2} \) (M1, A1)
\( x = -2 \) (A1)
(d) attempt to find \( f'(3) \) (M1)
\( f'(3) = 16 \) (A1)
valid approach, e.g., \( y – 12 = 16(x – 3) \) (M1)
\( y = 16x – 36 \) (A1)
Total [14 marks]