The periodic table: Classification of elements - IB DP Chemistry- Study Notes - New Syllabus 2025
The periodic table: Classification of elements- IB DP Chemistry- Study Notes
IITian Academy excellent Introduction to the Particulate Nature of Matter – Study Notes and effective strategies will help you prepare for your IB DP Chemistry 2025 exam.
- IB DP Chemistry 2025 SL- IB Style Practice Questions with Answer-Topic Wise-Paper 1
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- IB DP Chemistry 2025 HL- IB Style Practice Questions with Answer-Topic Wise-Paper 1
- IB DP Chemistry 2025 HL- IB Style Practice Questions with Answer-Topic Wise-Paper 2
S3.1.1-2 – Geography of the Periodic Table
Groups and Periods in the Periodic Table:
- Horizontal rows in the periodic table are called Periods
- Vertical columns in the periodic table are called Groups
- Elements in a group have similar chemical properties
Blocks in the Periodic Table:
- 4 blocks: s, p, d, and f
- Block are arranged depending on their valence electron arrangement
- Example: Group 1 and 2 elements have valence electrons in the s sublevel, thus putting them in the s block.
Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table:
Some Important Families/Groups:
- Group 1 – Alkali Metals
- Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals
- Group 17 – Halogens
- Group 18 – Noble Gases
Group Number and Valence Electrons:
- Number of the principle energy level and the number of valence electrons in an atom
- Can be deduced from its position on the periodic table
The Position of an Element in Periodic Table and Electron Configuration:
- Positions of elements in the periodic table can be used to deduce the electron configurations of elements.
- Example: Phosphorus, period 3
- Period 3 means that n = 3 for the valence sub-levels
- Group 15 means that it has 5 valence electrons.
- [Ne] 3s23p3
- 2+3 = 5 valence electrons
- Period 4: Take 3d sublevel into account:
- Fill after 4s and before 4p
- Consider Br, Group 17 Period 4
- [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5
- 2+5 = 7 valence electrons