▶️ Answer/Explanation
Respiration provides energy in the form of ATP for metabolic activities. Protein synthesis is an anabolic process that requires significant energy to link amino acids together into polypeptide chains. In contrast, diffusion and osmosis are passive transport mechanisms that rely on the kinetic energy of particles rather than metabolic energy. Transpiration is a physical process driven by the evaporation of water and the resulting tension in the xylem. Therefore, only protein synthesis directly consumes energy generated through cellular respiration.
✅ Answer: (C)
✅ Answer: (C)
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Respiration provides energy in the form of $ATP$ for active biological processes. Cell division ($1$) requires energy for DNA replication and the movement of chromosomes. Muscle contraction ($3$) is an active process that relies on $ATP$ for the sliding filament mechanism. In contrast, diffusion ($2$) and osmosis ($4$) are passive transport processes that occur along a concentration gradient without the need for metabolic energy. Therefore, only processes $1$ and $3$ require energy from respiration.
✅ Answer: (B)
✅ Answer: (B)
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Respiration is the biochemical process that releases energy in the form of $ATP$ from glucose. This energy is required for active processes within the plant. Cell division is an active process that requires energy for DNA replication, the synthesis of new organelles, and the physical separation of the cell.
In contrast, osmosis and transpiration are passive processes that rely on concentration gradients and water potential rather than metabolic energy. Photosynthesis is an anabolic process that primarily uses light energy from the sun, not the chemical energy produced during respiration. Therefore, cell division is the only option listed that directly consumes the $ATP$ generated during respiration.
✅ Answer: (A)