Home / iGCSE Biology (0610)-16.2 Sexual reproduction – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 4

iGCSE Biology (0610)-16.2 Sexual reproduction – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 4

Question

Fig. 5.1 is a photograph of a koala. Koalas are marsupial mammals that give birth to offspring that are incompletely developed. The offspring develops further for several months inside the pouch of the mother.

(a) State one feature visible in Fig. 5.1 that could be used to identify the koala as a mammal.

(b) Mammals use sexual reproduction to produce offspring. Discuss the advantages of sexual reproduction in organisms such as the koala.

(c) Fig. 5.2 is a diagram of part of the human female reproductive system, viewed from the side of the body.

Complete Table 5.1 by writing the letters that identify the structures in Fig. 5.2, the names of the structures and the functions.

(d) Pregnant human females have a placenta.
(i) Describe the function of the placenta in humans.

(ii) The placenta is connected to the amniotic sac. State two functions of the amniotic fluid that is found in the amniotic sac.

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

Ans:

(a) The koala can be identified as a mammal by visible features such as fur/hair or external ears (pinnae).

(b) Sexual reproduction in koalas provides genetic diversity, enabling adaptation to environmental changes. It allows recombination of alleles, reduces extinction risks, and promotes evolutionary advantages.

(c) Table 5.1 Answer

(d)(i) The placenta facilitates gas exchange (oxygen/carbon dioxide), nutrient transfer, waste removal, hormone secretion (e.g., progesterone), and provides passive immunity via antibodies.

(d)(ii) Amniotic fluid functions include:
1. Cushioning against mechanical shocks.
2. Temperature regulation and support for fetal movement/muscle development.

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