The list shows statements about selection.
- Individuals reproduce and pass on their alleles to the next generation.
- Genetic variation exists between individuals and many offspring are produced.
- Individuals struggle for survival and compete for resources.
- Individuals that are better adapted to the environment survive.
- Individuals with desirable features are selected by humans.
Which statements are correct descriptions of natural selection?
A) 1, 2, 3 and 4
B) 1, 2 and 5 only
C) 2, 3 and 4 only
D) 3, 4 and 5 only
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Ans: A
Natural selection involves four key principles: (1) inheritance of alleles, (2) genetic variation and overproduction of offspring, (3) competition for limited resources, and (4) survival of the fittest. These correspond to statements 1–4.
Statement 5 describes artificial selection (human intervention), which is not part of natural selection. Thus, the correct combination is A (1, 2, 3, and 4).
Which statement is an example of natural selection?
A) choosing donkeys with desirable characteristics to breed
B) choosing to cross-pollinate wheat plants with the highest yields
C) inserting genes into a crop plant to improve its nutritional qualities
D) in wild flowers, the development of petals that look like insects to attract pollinators
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Ans: D
Natural selection occurs in nature without human intervention. Option D describes an evolutionary adaptation where flowers develop insect-like petals to attract pollinators, increasing their reproductive success. Options A, B, and C all describe artificial selection or genetic engineering where humans direct the changes.