Home / iGCSE Biology (0610) 2.1 Cell structure iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

iGCSE Biology (0610) 2.1 Cell structure iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

IGCSE Biology (0610) Practice Questions Paper 3 - All Chapters
Question

(a) Fig. 2.1 is a labelled diagram of an animal cell.

(i) The boxes on the left show the functions of some of the structures shown in Fig. 2.1. The boxes on the right show the letters of the structures labelled in Fig. 2.1. Draw lines to link each function to the correct letter. Draw four lines.

(ii) State two letters shown in Fig. 2.1 that identify structures which are also found in bacterial cells.

(b) Respiration is a characteristic of living organisms. State three other characteristics of all living organisms.

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a)(i)

Explanation: The cytoplasm (A) is the jelly-like substance that contains and supports all other cell organelles. The nucleus (B) controls all cellular activities as it contains the genetic material. The cell membrane (C) is selectively permeable and regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Ribosomes (D) are the sites of protein synthesis where amino acids are assembled into proteins.

(a)(ii) A and C (or D)

Explanation: Bacterial cells, like animal cells, contain cytoplasm (A) and a cell membrane (C). Some bacteria also have ribosomes (D), though bacterial ribosomes are slightly smaller (70S compared to 80S in eukaryotes). The nucleus (B) and other membrane-bound organelles are absent in bacterial cells.

(b) Any three from: movement; sensitivity; growth; reproduction; excretion; nutrition

Detailed Explanation:

  1. Movement: All living organisms show some form of movement, whether it’s locomotion in animals or growth movements in plants.
  2. Sensitivity: Organisms can detect and respond to changes in their environment (stimuli).
  3. Growth: Living things increase in size and complexity through cell division and cell enlargement.
  4. Reproduction: Organisms produce offspring, either sexually or asexually, to continue their species.
  5. Excretion: The removal of toxic waste products of metabolism like carbon dioxide and urea.
  6. Nutrition: All organisms need to take in nutrients to provide energy and materials for growth and repair.

These characteristics, along with respiration, are often remembered by the acronym “MRS GREN” (Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition).

Question

Fig. 1.1 shows a diagram of an animal cell and a bacterial cell.

Animal and Bacterial Cell Diagram

(a) Complete Table 1.1 by identifying the structures labelled B to J in Fig. 1.1.
Some structures may not be present in both cells.
One row has been completed for you.

Table 1.1

(b) State the function of mitochondria.

(c) Egg cells and sperm cells are examples of specialised animal cells.
Place ticks (✓) in Table 1.2 to show the correct adaptive feature for each type of cell.

Table 1.2
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a)

Answer to Table 1.1

Explanation: The labels B-J are identified based on their structures. B is the cell membrane (present in both), C is the cytoplasm (both), D is the ribosome (both), E is the nucleus (animal cell only), F is the mitochondrion (animal cell only), G is the plasmid (bacterial cell only), H is the flagellum (bacterial cell only), I is the cell wall (bacterial cell only), and J is the capsule (bacterial cell only).

(b) Aerobic respiration.

Explanation: Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through aerobic respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy.

(c)

Answer to Table 1.2

Explanation: Egg cells are large with stored food (✓ in row 1), while sperm cells have a tail for motility (✓ in row 3). The other features are either not applicable or incorrect for these specialised cells.

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