▶️ Answer/Explanation
To conserve endangered animals, techniques like artificial insemination and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are used to increase reproductive success in small populations. Captive breeding programmes provide a controlled environment to help these populations grow safely before potential reintroduction to the wild. However, seed banks are specifically designed for the conservation of plant genetic material (seeds) rather than animals. Since the question asks for the technique not used for animal species, seed banks is the correct choice.
✅ Answer: (D)
✅ Answer: (D)
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Sustainable resource management aims to meet current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. In the context of fisheries, maintaining a stable population requires that fish have the opportunity to reproduce before they are caught. Smaller, immature fish have not yet reached reproductive age; if they are harvested prematurely, the “breeding stock” diminishes, leading to a population collapse. By targeting only larger, adult fish, managers ensure that the younger generation survives to reach sexual maturity and replenish the population. While options (A) and (B) might be economically true, they do not relate to the biological “sustainability” of the resource. Option (C) is a natural process and not a management reason for selective harvesting.
✅ Answer: (D)
✅ Answer: (D)