iGCSE Biology (0610)-21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification- iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

Question

(a) A scientist investigated the effect of the enzyme pectinase on the volume of fruit juice produced by the same mass of two different fruits.

Fig. 7.1 shows the results.

Describe the results shown in Fig. 7.1.

(b) State two components of a balanced diet that are provided by fruits such as blackcurrants and plums.

(c) State two reasons why bacteria are useful in biotechnology and genetic modification.

(d) The box on the left contains the beginning of a sentence.
The boxes on the right show some sentence endings.
Draw two lines to make two correct sentences.

▶️ Answer/Explanation

Solution

(a) Answer:

The results show that pectinase increases juice yield in both fruits. Plums produce more juice than blackcurrants with pectinase, while without pectinase, blackcurrants yield more juice. The enzyme has a greater effect on plums, indicating variability in pectin content.

(b) Answer:

1. Vitamins (e.g., Vitamin C in blackcurrants)
2. Dietary fiber (aids digestion and maintains gut health).

(c) Answer:

1. Rapid reproduction allows quick production of desired molecules.
2. Simple genetic manipulation enables easy insertion of foreign genes.

(d) Answer:

1. Genetic modification changes the genetic material of an organism.
2. Genetic modification inserts, changes, or removes genes.

Question

(a) Define the term genetic engineering.
(b) State two examples of genetic engineering.
For each example, outline how it benefits humans.
Write your answers in Table 6.1.

Answer/Explanation

Ans

(a) change the genetic material (of an organism);
by removing/ changing/ inserting (individual) genes;
from one organism/ species to another;

(b)

iGCSE Biology (0610)-21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification- iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

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