Home / iGCSE Biology (0610)-7.1 Diet – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

iGCSE Biology (0610)-7.1 Diet – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

IGCSE Biology (0610) Practice Questions Paper 3 - All Chapters
Question

(a) A balanced diet contains all the nutrients needed by the body to maintain health.

(i) Water is needed as part of a balanced diet.
A woman was advised to drink 2.7 \( dm^{3}\) of water per day.
A cup contains 250 \( cm^{3}\) of water.
Calculate the number of cups of water the woman needs to drink.
Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

(ii) Water is an important solvent in the body.
State two body processes that use water as a solvent.

(b) Fig. 3.1 shows part of the human digestive system.

(i) State the names of the organs labelled X and Y.

(ii) Circle two substances that are absorbed into the blood from organ X.

amino acids     carbon dioxide     fibre     glucose      starch     urea

(iii) State two functions of organ W.

(c) After absorption, nutrients are taken into and used by cells. State the name of this process.

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a)(i) 11 cups

Explanation: Convert \(2.7 \, dm^3\) to \(cm^3\): \(2.7 \, dm^3 = 2700 \, cm^3\). Divide by cup volume: \(2700 \, cm^3 \div 250 \, cm^3 = 10.8\). Round to the nearest whole number: 11 cups.

(a)(ii) Any two of: Digestion (enzymes dissolve in water to break down food), Excretion (water dissolves waste for removal), Transport (blood plasma carries dissolved nutrients).

(b)(i) X: Small intestine (ileum), Y: Large intestine (colon).

(b)(ii) Amino acids and glucose are absorbed in the small intestine. (Carbon dioxide, fibre, starch, and urea are not absorbed here.)

(b)(iii) Two functions of organ W (stomach): 1. Chemical digestion (produces gastric juice with HCl and protease). 2. Mechanical digestion (churns food via muscular contractions).

(c) Assimilation Explanation: After absorption, nutrients are transported to cells and incorporated into their structures, a process called assimilation.

Question

(a) A balanced diet includes foods that contain calcium ions.

(i) Circle the food that has the highest calcium content.

                                                                                            cheese          egg          orange          potato

(ii) Table 4.1 shows the recommended calcium intake for different age groups.

The list shows five statements about the data in Table 4.1.

Tick (✓) two statements that are correct descriptions of the data shown in Table 4.1.

(iii) Suggest reasons why some age groups need more calcium in their diet than others.

(b) Some diseases are caused by an unbalanced diet.

The boxes on the left contain the names of two diseases.

The boxes on the right contain some sentence endings.

Draw one straight line from each box on the left to a box on the right to make two correct sentences.

(c) (i) State one dietary source of fibre.

(ii) Describe the importance of fibre in the diet.

(d) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of part of the digestive system.

(i) State one letter, from Fig. 4.1, that labels the part of the digestive system where egestion occurs.

(ii) State the two letters from Fig. 4.1 that label the parts of the digestive system where water is absorbed.

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a)(i) cheese

Explanation: Among the given options, cheese is the dairy product that naturally contains the highest amount of calcium. Dairy products are the richest dietary sources of calcium, with cheese being particularly concentrated.

(a)(ii) The two correct statements to tick are:

  • As age increases, the recommended daily intake of calcium increases, then decreases and then increases again.
  • The recommended daily intake of calcium doubles from ages 0-3 to ages 19-50.

Explanation: The first correct statement describes the pattern: 500→800→1300→1000→1200 mg (increase→increase→decrease→increase). The second is correct because 1000 mg (19-50) is double 500 mg (0-3). The other statements are incorrect based on the data.

(a)(iii) Reasons why calcium requirements vary by age:

  • Calcium is essential for bone growth and development, so children and adolescents (9-18) need more during growth spurts.
  • Older adults (51+) need more calcium to prevent osteoporosis and maintain bone density as bone loss accelerates with age.
  • Young children (0-8) need sufficient calcium for initial bone development but not as much as teenagers.

(b) Correct matching:

Explanation: Rickets is a bone disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency which affects calcium absorption. Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency and leads to connective tissue problems.

(c)(i) Dietary sources of fibre include: fruits (e.g., apples, bananas), vegetables (e.g., carrots, broccoli), whole grains (e.g., whole wheat bread, brown rice), nuts (e.g., almonds), and seeds (e.g., flaxseeds).

(c)(ii) Fibre is important because:

  • It adds bulk to stool, preventing constipation and promoting regular bowel movements.
  • It helps maintain a healthy digestive system by supporting beneficial gut bacteria.
  • It can help control blood sugar levels and lower cholesterol.

(d)(i) D

Explanation: Egestion (elimination of undigested waste) occurs in the rectum/anus area, which would be labeled D in the diagram.

(d)(ii) C and D

Explanation: Water is primarily absorbed in the large intestine (colon, labeled C) and some additional absorption occurs in the rectum (labeled D) before egestion.

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