Home / iGCSE Biology (0610)-9.3 Blood vessels – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

iGCSE Biology (0610)-9.3 Blood vessels – iGCSE Style Questions Paper 3

IGCSE Biology (0610) Practice Questions Paper 3 - All Chapters
Question

(a) Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph showing a cross‑section of an artery

On Fig. 1.1, identify and label the:

  • artery wall
  • lumen.

(b) Complete the table by circling the correct words to show the differences between arteries and veins.

(c) State the name of the structures in veins that ensure one‑way flow of blood.

(d) Fig. 1.2 is a simplified diagram of the circulatory system in humans.

(i) State the names of the organs represented by the letters A, B and C in Fig. 1.2.
(ii) Draw two arrows on Fig. 1.2 to show the direction of blood flow in the pulmonary vein and the pulmonary artery.

(e) State the name of the blood vessels that transfer substances to and from cells.

(f) Circle the names of two waste substances that are transferred from cells to blood.

amino acids     carbon dioxide     fatty acids     glucose     oxygen     urea

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a)
The artery wall is the thick muscular layer surrounding the lumen, which is the central space where blood flows. Label these clearly on the diagram.

(b)
Arteries have thick walls and carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary artery), while veins have thin walls and carry deoxygenated blood (except pulmonary vein). The correct selections are shown in the table.

(c)
Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood, ensuring one-way circulation towards the heart.

(d)(i)
A: Lungs (site of oxygenation), B: Heart (pumps blood), C: Kidney (filters waste).
(ii) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart (B) to the lungs (A), while the pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs (A) to the heart (B).

(e)
Capillaries facilitate exchange of substances (e.g., oxygen, nutrients) between blood and cells due to their thin walls.

(f)
Waste products removed from cells include carbon dioxide (from respiration) and urea (from protein metabolism). Circle these two.

Final Answers:
(a) artery / wall and lumen labelled ;
(b)
(c) valves ;
(d)(i) A lungs ; B heart ; C kidney ;
(ii) arrows drawn as described ;
(e) capillaries ;
1(f) carbon dioxide and urea circled ;

Question

(a) Arteries are a type of blood vessel.
State two structural features of arteries.

(b) Capillaries are another type of blood vessel.
State one function of capillaries.

(c) State the name of the structures in veins that ensure the one-way flow of blood.

(d) Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of part of the human circulatory system.
The arrows show the direction of blood flow.

(i) On Fig. 1.1, draw arrows to show the direction of blood flow to and from the lungs. [1]

(ii) State the names of blood vessel X and organ Y in Fig. 1.1.

(e) State the name of the blood vessel that transports oxygenated blood to the kidney.

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

(a) Any two from:
– Narrow lumen
– Thick wall
– Wall contains muscle layer
– Contains elastic fibers

Explanation: Arteries have specialized structures to withstand high blood pressure from the heart. Their thick walls contain elastic fibers that allow them to stretch and recoil, while the muscle layer helps regulate blood flow. The narrow lumen maintains high pressure as blood is transported away from the heart.

(b) Transfer of materials between blood and tissues / Transport materials to/from cells / Transport materials to/from blood.

Explanation: Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels with extremely thin walls (only one cell thick) that allow for efficient exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues through diffusion.

(c) Valves

Explanation: Veins contain one-way valves that prevent the backflow of blood, especially important in limbs where blood must flow against gravity. These valves ensure blood moves in one direction toward the heart.

(d)(i) Arrows should be drawn from the pulmonary artery to the lungs (showing deoxygenated blood going to lungs) and from the lungs to the left atrium (showing oxygenated blood returning to heart).

(d)(ii)
X: Aorta
Y: Heart

Explanation: The aorta is the main artery carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the body, while the heart is the central pumping organ of the circulatory system.

(e) Renal artery

Explanation: The renal artery branches from the abdominal aorta and delivers oxygen-rich blood to the kidneys for filtration and other kidney functions.

More IGCSE Biology (0610) Practice Questions Paper 3 ...........
Scroll to Top