CIE iGCSE Co-Ordinated Science B7.1 Diet Exam Style Questions Paper 4
Question
(a) Fig. 7.1 is a photograph of a person with a deficiency disease that has affected their bone growth.
(i) State the name of the vitamin the person in Fig. 7.1 is deficient in.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Vitamin D
Explanation: The person in Fig. 7.1 is suffering from a deficiency disease that affects bone growth, which is commonly caused by a lack of Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health.
(ii) Taking vitamin supplements can prevent the deficiency disease shown in Fig. 7.1. Suggest two other ways to prevent the effects seen in Fig. 7.1.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Exposure to sunlight and consuming foods high in Vitamin D.
Explanation: Vitamin D can be synthesized by the body when the skin is exposed to sunlight. Additionally, consuming foods rich in Vitamin D, such as fatty fish, fortified milk, and eggs, can help prevent deficiency.
(b) Kwashiorkor is a deficiency disease caused by a lack of protein in the diet. Table 7.1 shows the ages of children admitted to a hospital with kwashiorkor disease.
(i) Use Table 7.1 to calculate the percentage of children of age 4 and under with kwashiorkor disease admitted to the hospital. Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: 93%
Explanation: The percentage of children aged 4 and under with kwashiorkor disease is calculated as (88 / 95) × 100 = 92.63%, which rounds to 93%.
(ii) The recommended daily intake of protein per kg of body mass for a child is greater than that of an adult. State why.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Children require more protein for growth and development.
Explanation: Children are still growing, so they need more protein to support the development of tissues, muscles, and organs compared to adults, whose growth has stabilized.
(c) State the name of one other deficiency disease caused by protein-energy malnutrition.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Marasmus
Explanation: Marasmus is another deficiency disease caused by severe protein-energy malnutrition, characterized by extreme weight loss and muscle wasting.
(d) State the names of the four elements that all proteins contain.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
Explanation: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which contain the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N).
(e) State the name of the enzyme that breaks down proteins.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer: Protease
Explanation: Protease is the enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids during digestion.