CIE iGCSE Co-Ordinated Science B9.2 Heart Exam Style Questions Paper 3
Question
(a) The number of new infections of HIV each year in one country is recorded.
Fig. 4.1 is a bar chart of the results.
(i) Calculate the percentage increase in cases between 1998 and 2002 shown in Fig. 4.1.
number of new HIV infections in 1998 ……………………………………………………………………
number of new HIV infections in 2002 ……………………………………………………………………
percentage increase = ………………………………………………….. %
(ii) Suggest three reasons for the change in the number of new HIV infections between 2002 and 2008 in Fig. 4.1.
1 …………………………………………………………………………
2 …………………………………………………………………………
3 …………………………………………………………………………
(b) Fig. 4.2 is a photomicrograph of blood.
State the names and functions of the two types of cells, A and B, shown in Fig. 4.2.
cell type A
name …………………………………………………………………………
function …………………………………………………………………………
cell type B
name …………………………………………………………………………
function …………………………………………………………………………
(c) State the name of the organ responsible for pumping the blood around the body.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans : 4(a)(i) infections in 1998 – 4600 and infections in 2002 – 7000 ; ((7000 – 4600) / 4600) × 100 = 52 ;
4(a)(ii) any three from:
increased education / awareness ;
use of condoms ;
screening of blood transfusions ;
use of clean needles ;
increased screening ;
AVP ;
4(b) cell type A
red blood cell ;
transport of oxygen ;
cell type B
white blood cell ;
production of antibodies / phagocytosis ;
4(c) heart ;
Question
(a) Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of the circulatory system in humans.
(i) State the name of the blood vessels labelled A and C in Fig. 1.1.
A …………………………………………………………………………
C …………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Identify blood vessels B, D, and E in Fig. 1.1 as either an artery or a vein.
B …………………………………………………………………………
D …………………………………………………………………………
E …………………………………………………………………………
(iii) State the name of the structures in the circulatory system that ensure one-way flow of blood.
(iv) State the name of the part that separates the left side of the heart from the right side.
(b) The boxes on the left show the names of three types of blood vessel.
The boxes on the right show the average thickness of the wall of each type of blood vessel.
Draw lines to link each blood vessel with the average thickness of their walls.
blood vessel average thickness of wall
(c) Describe the function of capillaries.
(d) State the names of two main components of blood.
1 …………………………………………………………………………
2 …………………………………………………………………………
▶️Answer/Explanation
Ans : 1(a)(i) A – aorta ;
C – renal artery ;
1(a)(ii) B – artery
D – vein
E – artery ;;
1(a)(iii) valves ;
1(a)(iv) septum ;
1(b) 
1(c) exchange of (named) material between blood and tissue (cells) / AW ;
1(d) any two from:
red blood cells ;
white blood cells ;
plasma ;
platelets ;
Question
(a) A student measures their pulse rate at rest, during and after exercise. Fig. 1.1 shows the results.
(i) Calculate the difference in pulse rate between the pulse rate at rest and the maximum pulse rate of the student. (Sub-topic – B9.2)
pulse rate at rest …………………………………………….. beats per minute
maximum pulse rate ……………………………………………… beats per minute
difference ……………………………………………… beats per minute
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Pulse rate at rest = 72 bpm
Maximum pulse rate = 115 bpm
Difference = 115 – 72 = 43 bpm
(ii) Calculate the length of time taken for the student’s pulse rate to return to the resting value once exercise had stopped. (Sub-topic – B9.2)
……………………………………………. min
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Time taken = 20 minutes
(b) Fig. 1.2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of a human vein.
(i) Name a structure present in veins but not visible in Fig. 1.2. (Sub-topic – B9.3)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
Valves
(ii) Describe two ways in which the structure of arteries is different from the vein shown in Fig. 1.2. (Sub-topic – B9.3)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
any two from:
thicker wall ;
muscle / elastic fibres ;
no valves ;
narrower lumen ;
(iii) Describe the function of capillaries. (Sub-topic – B9.3)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
transfer of (named) substances (to / from, tissues / cells) ;
(c) Table 1.1 shows some blood vessels and some organs. (Sub-topic – B9.3)
Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show which blood vessels transport blood to these organs.
One row has been done for you.
Table 1.1
| heart | kidney | lung | |
|---|---|---|---|
| coronary artery | |||
| pulmonary artery | |||
| renal artery | |||
| vena cava | ✓ |
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
| heart | kidney | lung | |
|---|---|---|---|
| coronary artery | ✓ | ||
| pulmonary artery | ✓ | ||
| renal artery | ✓ | ||
| vena cava | ✓ |
(d) List two of the main components of blood. (Sub-topic- B9.4)
▶️Answer/Explanation
Answer:
any two from:
red blood cells ;
white blood cells ;
plasma ;
platelets ;
Question
(a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of the heart.
(i) Identify the parts labelled B, C and D in Fig. 4.1.
(ii) Describe the function of the structure labelled E.
(iii) The blood vessel labelled A is an artery. Describe the role of arteries in the circulatory system.
▶️Answer/Explanation
(i) B: septum, C: muscle / muscle wall, D: ventricles
(ii) Ensure one-way flow of blood.
(iii) Transport blood away from the heart.
(b) Name two of the main components of blood.
▶️Answer/Explanation
1: Red blood cells
2: White blood cells
(Other possible answers: platelets, plasma)
(c) A student measures their heart rate over a 24-hour period. Fig. 4.2 shows a graph of the results.
(i) Calculate the difference in heart rate between the minimum and maximum heart rate seen in Fig. 4.2.
(ii) At 10:00 hours the student attends a fitness class. Estimate the length of time of the fitness class.
(iii) At 18:00 hours the student was scared by a snake. Describe and explain the result seen at 18:00 hours in Fig. 4.2. Use ideas about hormones in your answer.
▶️Answer/Explanation
(i) 110 bpm
(ii) 4 hours
(iii) There is a rapid increase in heart rate (increase by 70 bpm or increase to 140 bpm) due to the release of adrenaline, which prepares the body for a “fight or flight” response.
Question
(a) An athlete monitors her pulse rate during different types of activity.
Fig. 1.1 shows the results.
Use Fig. 1.1 to complete these sentences.
The activity with the highest pulse rate is ………………….
Two activities have the same pulse rate. They are …………………. and ………………….
The athlete’s pulse rate was 54 beats per minute when the activity is ………………….
▶️Answer/Explanation
The activity with the highest pulse rate is running.
Two activities have the same pulse rate. They are cycling and walking.
The athlete’s pulse rate was 54 beats per minute when the activity is sleeping.
(b) Fig. 1.2 is a diagram of the heart.
(i) Draw an X on Fig. 1.2 to identify the position of one ventricle.
▶️Answer/Explanation
X should be drawn on one of the ventricles in the diagram.
(ii) State the function of the part labelled Y in Fig. 1.2.
▶️Answer/Explanation
The function of the part labelled Y is to ensure one-way flow of the blood.
(iii) Identify the part labelled Z in Fig. 1.2.
▶️Answer/Explanation
The part labelled Z is the septum.
(iv) Name the type of tissue the wall of the heart is made from.
▶️Answer/Explanation
The wall of the heart is made from muscle tissue.
(v) State the function of the heart.
▶️Answer/Explanation
The function of the heart is to pump blood around the body.
(c) Name one of the main blood vessels to or from the:
Lungs ………………….
Kidney ………………….
▶️Answer/Explanation
Lungs: pulmonary artery/vein
Kidney: renal artery/vein
Question
(a) Fig. 10.1 shows simplified cross-sections of three different types of blood vessel. The artery has been identified.
Complete Fig. 10.1 to identify the other two types of blood vessel.
(b) Table 10.1 shows three organs of the body. The table also shows some of the blood vessels that transport blood to and from these organs.
Complete Table 10.1 to show the main blood vessels to and from these organs.
(c) Fig. 10.2 shows a description that a student has written about the circulatory system.
Circle the two incorrect words in the description.
(d) Plants have specialist tissues for transporting substances. Fig. 10.3 is a simplified cross-section of a plant stem.
(i) Identify the tissue labelled E in Fig. 10.3.
(ii) Name the plant tissue responsible for transporting dissolved sugars.
(iii) Describe where water enters and exits a plant.
▶️Answer/Explanation
10 (a) The other two types of blood vessels are capillaries and veins.
Detailed Solution:
(a) The three main types of blood vessels are arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, capillaries facilitate the exchange of substances between blood and tissues, and veins carry blood back to the heart.
10 (b) Table 10.1 should be completed as follows:
- Heart: Blood transported to the heart by the vena cava and away from the heart by the aorta.
- Lungs: Blood transported to the lungs by the pulmonary artery and away from the lungs by the pulmonary vein.
- Kidney: Blood transported to the kidney by the renal artery and away from the kidney by the renal vein.
Detailed Solution:
(b) The heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava and pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta. The lungs receive deoxygenated blood from the heart via the pulmonary artery and return oxygenated blood to the heart through the pulmonary vein. The kidneys receive blood from the renal artery and return filtered blood to the circulation via the renal vein.
10 (c) The two incorrect words in the description are airways and two-way. The correct words should be blood vessels and one-way.
Detailed Solution:
(c) The circulatory system consists of blood vessels (not airways) that ensure one-way flow of blood (not two-way) due to the presence of valves.
10 (d)(i) The tissue labelled E is the xylem.
Detailed Solution:
(i) The xylem is responsible for transporting water and mineral ions from the roots to the rest of the plant.
10 (d)(ii) The plant tissue responsible for transporting dissolved sugars is the phloem.
Detailed Solution:
(ii) The phloem transports dissolved sugars (such as sucrose) and other nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
10 (d)(iii) Water enters the plant through the root hairs and exits through the stomata in the leaves.
Detailed Solution:
(iii) Water enters the plant through the root hairs, which increase the surface area for absorption. It exits the plant through the stomata, tiny openings on the underside of leaves that allow for gas exchange and transpiration.
Question
(a) Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of a section through the heart and associated blood vessels.
(i) Name the structure labelled X in Fig. 1.1.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Septum
(ii) Name the structure shown in Fig. 1.1 that ensures one-way flow of blood.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Valve
(iii) Draw an arrow on Fig. 1.1 to show where blood enters the heart from the lungs.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Arrow pointing into the heart from the pulmonary vein (furthest right blood vessel).
(b) Table 1.1 shows some of the functions of the components of blood. Complete Table 1.1 by adding the name of the component of blood which has each function.
| Component of Blood | Function |
|---|---|
| …. | Antibody production and phagocytosis |
| …. | Promotes blood clotting |
| …. | Transport of dissolved nutrients |
| …. | Transport of oxygen |
▶️Answer/Explanation
See table below.
(c) Substances are transported around the body by blood in blood vessels. Substances are also transported around plants in vessels.
Name the two vessels that transport substances in plants.
▶️Answer/Explanation
Xylem and phloem
(d) Water is one of the substances transported through plants and is lost by the process of transpiration.
Complete the definition of the term transpiration using words or phrases from the list.
Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all.
absorption diffusion epidermis evaporation
palisade cells photosynthesis roots stomata
Transpiration is defined as the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by ………………………….. of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by ……………………………….. of water vapour through the ……………………………….. .
▶️Answer/Explanation
Transpiration is defined as the loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by diffusion of water vapour through the stomata.