Question

(a) A cyclist is riding a bicycle around a circular track.
The length of the track is 400m.
The cyclist completes five laps of the track.
The time taken for each lap is measured and recorded in Table 12.1.

(i) Calculate the average time for one lap.

average time for one lap = ………………………………………………. s 

(ii) The air in the tyres of the bicycle warms up during the ride.
Describe how the motion of the molecules of the gas in the tyres changes during the ride.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

(iii) Select the correct word from the list to complete each sentence.

solids liquids gases
………………………… have no definite shape or volume.
………………………… have a definite volume but take the shape of the container.

(b) Fig. 12.1 shows a cyclist near a road junction.
A car driver at the junction can see the reflection of the cyclist in a plane mirror.
The ray of light shown allows the car driver to see the cyclist approaching the junction.

(i) On Fig. 12.1, draw an arrow on the ray of light to show the direction of travel of the ray of light. 
(ii) On Fig. 12.1, label the angle of incidence with the letter i.
(c) The bicycle is left outside on a sunny day. Energy from the Sun heats the metal frame of the bicycle.
(i) State the method of energy transfer between the Sun and the Earth.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) State the method of energy transfer through the frame of the bicycle.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Describe a simple way of testing whether the frame of the bicycle is made from steel or from aluminium.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….