Inheritance Flashcards iGCSE Biology
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[h] Inheritance Flashcards iGCSE CIE Biology
[q] What is a Dominant?
[a] An allele that is expressed if it is present is called a Dominant.
- The allele that is expressed (if it is present) / AW;
- Always seen in the phenotype;
- Masks (effect of) recessive allele;
[q] What is a Allele?
[a] A version of a gene is called a Allele.
[q] What is a Chromosome?
[a] A thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes is called a Chromosome.
[q] What is a Diploid nucleus?
[a] A nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes is called Diploid nucleus.
e.g. in body cells
[q] What is a Gene?
[a] A length of DNA that codes for a protein is called a Gene.
[q] What is a Genotype?
[a] The genetic make-up of an organism in terms of the alleles present is called a Genotype.
[q] What is a Haploid nucleus?
[a] A nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes is called a Haploid nucleus.
e.g. in gametes
[q] What is a Heterozygous?
[a] Having two different alleles of a particular gene is called a Heterozygous.
[q] What is a Homozygous?
[a] Having two identical alleles of a particular gene is called a Homozygous.
[q] Human somatic cells have how many chromosomes?
[a] 46
[q] What is a Inheritance?
[a] The transmission of genetic information from generation to generation is called a Inheritance.
[q] What is a Meiosis?
[a] Reduction division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid to haploid resulting in genetically different cells is called a Meiosis.
1 reduction / nuclear, division;
2 chromosome number is halved;
3 (diploid to) haploid;
4 results in genetically different, daughter cells / gametes / AW;
[q] What is a Mitosis?
[a] Nuclear division giving rise to genetically identical cells is called a Mitosis.
[q] What is a Phenotype?
[a] The observable features of an organism is called a Phenotype.
[q] What is a Recessive?
[a] An allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele of the gene present is called a Recessive.
[q] What is a Sex-linked characteristic?
[a] A characteristic in which the gene responsible is located on a sex chromosome and that this makes it more common in one sex than in the other is called a Sex-linked characteristic.
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