Question

100 All vertebrates are chordates, but all chordates are not vertebrates, why? [NEET (Oct.) 2020]

(a) Notochord is replaced by vertebral column in adult of some chordates

(b) Ventral hollow nerve cord remains throughout life in some chordates

(c) All chordates possess vertebral column

(d) All chordates possess notochord throughout their life

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (a)

The members of subphylum-Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult. Thus, all vertebrates are chordates but, all chordates are not vertebrates.

Question

Which of the following statements are true for the phylum-Chordata? [NEET (Sep.) 2020]

I. In Urochordata notochord extends from head to tail and it is present throughout their life.

II. In Vertebrata, notochord is present during the embryonic period only.

III. Central nervous system is dorsal and hollow.

IV. Chordata is divided into 3 subphyla, Hemichordata, Tunicata and Cephalochordata.

(a) III and I

(b) I and II

(c) II and III

(d) IV and III

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (c)
Statement II and III are correct.
Statement I and IV are incorrect and can be corrected as
In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail, while in
Cephalochordata, it extend from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.
Phylum-Chordata is divided into three subphyla i.e. Urochordata or Tunicata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata.

Question

 Consider the following features. [NEET (National) 2019]

A. Organ system level of organisation

B. Bilateral symmetry

C. True coelomates with segmentation of body

Select the correct option of animal groups which possess all the above characteristics.

(a) Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca

(b) Arthropoda, Mollusca and Chordata

(c) Annelida, Mollusca and Chordata

(d) Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (d)

All the three animal groups namely Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata possess organ system level of organisation, bilateral symmetry and true coelom with segmented body. Molluscans are also bilaterally symmetrical and show organ system grade of organisation but they do not possess segmented body.

Question

An important characteristic that hemichordates share with chordates is [NEET 2017]

(a) absence of notochord

(b) ventral tubular nerve cord

(c) pharyn $x$ with gill slits

(d) pharyn $x$ without gill slits

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (c)
The important characteristic that hemichordates share with chordates is pharyn $x$ with gillslits. These gillslits are narrow openings in the pharynx. The position of these pharyngeal gillslits is lateral in chordates, while dorsal in hemichordates.

Question

 Choose the correct statement. [NEET 2016, Phase II]

(a) All mammals are viviparous

(b) All cyclostomes do not possess jaws and paired fins

(c) All reptiles have a three-chambered heart

(d) All Pisces have gills covered by an operculum

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (b)

Cyclostomata is a class belonging to section 1-Agnatha of subphylumVertebrata.
It is a paraphytelic superclass of jawless fishes. They lack paired fins too. Thus, option (b) is correct.

Question

 In which of the following notochord is present in embryonic stage? [CBSE AIPMT 2002]

(a) All chordates

(b) Some chordates

(c) Vertebrates

(d) Non-chordates

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (a)

Notochord is the primary axial supportive structure present in all chordate embryos as well as in many adults. In a vast majority, it is replaced by vertical column in adults.
Vertebrates come under the category of chordate. Non-chordates do not contain notochord.

Question

 Besides Annelida and Arthropoda, the metamerism is exhibited by [CBSE AIPMT 1995]

(a)Cestoda

(b) Chordata

(c) Mollusca

(d) Acanthocephala

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (b)

Chordates also exhibit metameric segmentation. This is because of repetition of homologous structures along the length of an animal.

Question

 A common characteristic of all vertebrates is [CBSE AIPMT 1994]

(a) presence of skull

(b) division of body into head, neck, trunk and tail

(c) presence of two pairs of functional appendages

(d) body is covered with an exoskeleton

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (a)
Vertebrates have well developed cranium (skull) hence, they are also called as Craniata.

Question

 All chordates possess [CBSE AIPMT 1994]

(a) exoskeleton

(b) limbs

(c) skull

(d) axial skeletal rod of notochord

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (d)
Phylum-Chordata was created by Balfour in 1880 . This refers to the presence of a shoft, supporting rod-like structure along the back called ‘notochord’.

Question

 All vertebrates possess [CBSE AIPMT 1993]

(a) renal portal system

(b) dorsal, hollow, central nervous system

(c) four chambered ventral heart

(d) pharyngeal gill slits

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (b)

Dorsal, hollow, central nervous system is present in all vertebrates.

Question

Penguin occurs in [CBSE AIPMT 1990]

(a)Australia

(b) Antarctica

(c) Africa

(d) America

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (b)
Penguins are found in Antarctica (South pole). They have paddle like wings and cannot fly. Penguins are marine and lay eggs in ice.

Question

 A chordate character is [CBSE AIPMT 1989]

(a) gills

(b) spiracles

(c) post-anal tail

(d) chitinous exoskeleton

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (c)

Presence of post-anal tail is one of the characters of chordate.

Question

112 Necturus is [CBSE AIPMT 1988]

(a) hell bender

(b) congo eel

(c) mud puppy

(d) blind worm

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (c)

Common name of Necturus is mud puppy. This comes under order-Urodela.

Question

 Typhlos is [CBSE AIPMT 1988]

(a) sea snake

(b) glass snake

(c) blind snake

(d) grass snake

Answer/Explanation

Ans. (c)

Typhlos is blind snake and it is non-poisonous.

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