IB Mathematics SL 5.11 Definite integrals AA SL Paper 1- Exam Style Questions- New Syllabus
Consider the functions \( f(x) = \frac{1}{x-4} + 1 \) (for \( x \neq 4 \)) and \( g(x) = x – 3 \) (for \( x \in \mathbb{R} \)). Their graphs intersect at points \( A(3, 0) \) and \( B \).
Part (a):
Find the coordinates of \( B \). [5]
Part (b):
The shaded region is bounded by the graphs of \( f \), \( g \), the x-axis, and the line \( x = k \), where \( k \in \mathbb{Z} \).
The area of the shaded region is \( \ln p + 8 \), where \( p \in \mathbb{Z} \). Find \( k \) and \( p \). [10]
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Part (a)
\( \frac{1}{x-4} + 1 = x-3 \) (M1)
\( \frac{1}{x-4} = x-4 \implies (x-4)^2 = 1 \implies x^2 – 8x + 15 = 0 \) (A1)
Solve: \( (x-3)(x-5) = 0 \implies x = 3, 5 \) (M1)
At \( x = 5 \), \( y = x – 3 = 5 – 3 = 2 \) (A1)
Answer: \( B(5, 2) \) (A1) [5 marks]
Part (b)
Recognize regions: triangle from \( x = 3 \) to \( x = 5 \), and \( f(x) \) from \( x = 5 \) to \( x = k \) (R1)
Triangle area: \( \int_3^5 (x – 3) \, \mathrm{d}x = \left[ \frac{x^2}{2} – 3x \right]_3^5 = (12.5 – 15) – (4.5 – 9) = 2 \) (A1)
Integrate \( f(x) = \frac{1}{x-4} + 1 \): \( \int \left( \frac{1}{x-4} + 1 \right) \mathrm{d}x = \ln |x-4| + x (+C) \) (A1)(A1)
Evaluate: \( \left[ \ln |x-4| + x \right]_5^k = \ln |k-4| + k – 5 \) (M1)
Total area: \( 2 + \ln |k-4| + k – 5 = \ln |k-4| + k – 3 \) (M1)
Equate to \( \ln p + 8 \): \( \ln |k-4| + k – 3 = \ln p + 8 \) (M1)
Non-log terms: \( k – 3 = 8 \implies k = 11 \) (A1)
Log terms: \( \ln |11-4| = \ln 7 \implies p = 7 \) (A1)
Answer: \( k = 11 \), \( p = 7 \) (A1) [10 marks]