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Digital SAT Math Practice Questions – Medium : Linear inequalities in one or two variables

Digital SAT Math Practice Questions - Medium : Linear inequalities in one or two variables - New Syllabus

DSAT MAth Practice questions – all topics

  • Algebra Weightage: 35%  Questions: 13-15
    • Linear equations in one variable
    • Linear equations in two variables
    • Linear functions
    • Systems of two linear equations in two variables
    • Linear inequalities in one or two variables

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Question Medium

Marisa needs to hire at least 10 staff members for an upcoming project. The staff members will be made up of junior directors, who will be paid \($640\) per week, and senior directors, who will be paid \($880\) per week. Her budget for paying the staff members is no more than \($9,700\) per week. She must hire at least 3 junior directors and at least 1 senior director. Which of the following systems of inequalities represents the conditions described if \(x\) is the number of junior directors and \(y\) is the number of senior directors?

A. \(640x + 880y \geq 9,700\)
\(x + y \leq 10\)
\(x \geq 3\)
\(y \geq 1\)

B. \(640x + 880y \leq 9,700\)
\(x + y \geq 10\)
\(x \geq 3\)
\(y \geq 1\)

C. \(640x + 880y \geq 9,700\)
\(x + y \geq 10\)
\(x \leq 3\)
\(y \leq 1\)

D. \(640x + 880y \leq 9,700\)
\(x + y \leq 10\)
\(x \leq 3\)
\(y \leq 1\)

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

Answer: B

Marisa needs at least 10 staff: \(x + y \geq 10\).

Budget no more than $9,700: \(640x + 880y \leq 9,700\).

At least 3 junior directors: \(x \geq 3\).

At least 1 senior director: \(y \geq 1\).

Only B matches all conditions.

Question Medium

The table below gives the average speed \(s\), in miles per hour (mph), of each lap around the track for one racing team. For how many laps was the average speed greater than or equal to 150 mph?

Average speed (mph)Number of laps
\(0 \leq s < 140\)4
\(140 \leq s < 145\)20
\(145 \leq s < 150\)32
\(150 \leq s < 155\)57
\(155 \leq s < 160\)52
\(160 \leq s < 165\)35
▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

Answer: 144

Count laps with speed \(\geq 150\) mph: intervals \(150 \leq s < 155\), \(155 \leq s < 160\), \(160 \leq s < 165\).

Laps: 57 (150-155) + 52 (155-160) + 35 (160-165).

Total: \(57 + 52 + 35 = 144\).

  Question    medium

\(y\leq =2x+3\)
\(y\geq 0.5x-6\)

In which graph does the shaded region represent all solutions to the given system of inequalities?

▶️Answer/Explanation

Ans: B

Given inequalities:
1. \(y \leq 2 x+3\)
2. \(y \geq 0.5 x-6\)

1. \(y \leq 2 x+3\) :

  •  The boundary line is \(y=2 x+3\).
  • Since it is \(y \leq\), the region below this line will be shaded.

2. \(y \geq 0.5 x-6\) :

  • The boundary line is \(y=0.5 x-6\).
  • Since it is \(y \geq\), the region above this line will be shaded.

The correct solution will be the intersection of these two shaded regions.

Graph B:

  • The region below the line \(y=2 x+3\) is shaded. (Correct)
  • The region above the line \(y=0.5 x-6\) is shaded. (Correct)
  • The intersection of these two regions is correctly shaded. (Correct)
Question Medium

Sanjay works as a teacher’s assistant for \(\$20\) per hour and tutors privately for \(\$25\) per hour. Last week, he made at least \(\$100\) working \(x\) hours as a teacher’s assistant and \(y\) hours as a private tutor. Which of the following inequalities models this situation?

A) \(4x + 5y \geq 25\)

B) \(4x + 5y \geq 20\)

C) \(5x + 4y \geq 25\)

D) \(5x + 4y \geq 20\)

▶️ Answer/Explanation
Solution

Answer: B

Earnings: \(20x\) (teacher’s assistant) + \(25y\) (tutor) \(\geq 100\).

Simplify: \(20x + 25y \geq 100\).

Divide by 5: \(4x + 5y \geq 20\).

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