Edexcel International GCSE in Chemistry Revision Notes - New Syllabus

Edexcel International GCSE in Chemistry (4CH1) Revision Notes

Edexcel International GCSE in Chemistry (4CH1) Revision Notes at  IITian Academy  focus on a specific topic or type of questions asked in actual exam. Notes are based on new syllabus for assessment of 2025

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Edexcel Chemistry (4CH1) Study Notes

Topic 1: Principles of Chemistry

States of Matter

  • 1.1–1.3 Particle Model of Solids, Liquids and Gases; Changes of State; Diffusion
  • 1.4–1.5C Solutions and Solubility
  • 1.6–1.7C Solubility Curves and Core Practical: Solubility

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

  • 1.8–1.9 Classification of Substances; Pure Substances and Mixtures
  • 1.10 Separation Techniques
  • 1.11–1.12 Chromatograms and Rf Values
  • 1.13 Core Practical: Paper Chromatography

Atomic Structure

  • 1.14–1.15 Atoms, Molecules, and Structure of the Atom
  • 1.16 Atomic Number, Mass Number, and Isotopes
  • 1.17 Relative Atomic Mass

The Periodic Table

  • 1.18 Arrangement of the Periodic Table
  • 1.19–1.22 Electronic Configuration and Periodic Position
  • 1.20–1.21 Metals, Non-metals, and Classification of Elements
  • 1.23 Group Properties
  • 1.24 Noble Gases

Chemical Formulae, Equations and Calculations

  • 1.25 Word and Symbol Equations
  • 1.26–1.27 Relative Formula Mass and the Mole
  • 1.28–1.29 Amount of Substance and Reacting Mass Calculations
  • 1.30 Percentage Yield
  • 1.31 Preparation of Simple Compounds
  • 1.32–1.33 Empirical and Molecular Formulae and Calculations
  • 1.34C Concentration Calculations
  • 1.35C Gas Volume Calculations
  • 1.36 Practical: Formula of a Metal Oxide

Ionic Bonding

  • 1.37–1.38 Formation and Charges of Ions
  • 1.39 Writing Ionic Formulae
  • 1.40 Dot-and-Cross Diagrams for Ionic Bonding
  • 1.41 Ionic Bonding and Electrostatic Attraction
  • 1.42–1.43 Giant Ionic Lattices, Melting Points, and Electrical Conductivity

Covalent Bonding

  • 1.44–1.45 Covalent Bonds and Electrostatic Attraction
  • 1.46 Dot-and-Cross Diagrams for Covalent Molecules
  • 1.47 Simple Molecular Substances
  • 1.48 Intermolecular Forces and Boiling Points
  • 1.49–1.50 Giant Covalent Structures; Diamond, Graphite and Fullerenes
  • 1.51 Electrical Conductivity of Covalent Compounds

Metallic Bonding

  • 1.52–1.53C Metallic Lattices and Metallic Bonding
  • 1.54C Properties of Metals

Electrolysis

  • 1.55C Electrical Conductivity
  • 1.56–1.57C Electrolysis of Ionic Compounds and Ions
  • 1.58C Electrolysis Experiments
  • 1.59C Half-Equations
  • 1.60C Core Practical: Electrolysis

Topic 2: Inorganic Chemistry

Group 1: Alkali Metals

  • 2.1 Reactions of Alkali Metals with Water
  • 2.2–2.4C Trends in Reactivity, Predicting Properties, and Electronic Configuration

Group 7: Halogens

  • 2.5 Physical Properties of Halogens
  • 2.6–2.8C Trends in Group 7, Displacement Reactions, and Electronic Configuration

Gases in the Atmosphere

  • 2.9 Composition of Dry Air
  • 2.10–2.11 Determination of Oxygen in Air and Combustion Reactions
  • 2.12 Formation of Carbon Dioxide
  • 2.13 Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change
  • 2.14 Practical: Oxygen in Air

Reactivity Series

  • 2.15–2.17 Reactivity Series from Reactions, Displacement, and Order of Metals
  • 2.18 Rusting of Iron
  • 2.19 Prevention of Rusting
  • 2.20 Oxidation and Reduction
  • 2.21 Practical: Metals and Acids

Extraction and Uses of Metals

  • 2.22C Metal Ores and Native Metals
  • 2.23–2.24C Metal Extraction Methods and Processes
  • 2.25C Uses of Aluminium, Copper, Iron and Steel
  • 2.26–2.27C Alloys and Their Properties

Acids, Alkalis and Titrations

  • 2.28 Indicators
  • 2.29–2.30 The pH Scale, Universal Indicator, and pH
  • 2.31 Acids and Alkalis in Aqueous Solution
  • 2.32 Neutralisation
  • 2.33C Acid–Alkali Titration

Acids, Bases and Salt Preparation

  • 2.34 Solubility Rules
  • 2.35–2.36 Acids and Bases as Proton Transfer (Brønsted–Lowry Theory)
  • 2.37 Reactions of Acids
  • 2.38 Bases and Alkalis
  • 2.39–2.41C Preparation of Soluble and Insoluble Salts
  • 2.42 Practical: Copper(II) Sulfate Crystals
  • 2.43C Practical: Lead(II) Sulfate

Chemical Tests

  • 2.44 Tests for Gases
  • 2.45–2.46 Flame Tests and Flame Test Colours
  • 2.47 Tests for Cations
  • 2.48 Tests for Anions
  • 2.49–2.50 Tests for Water and Pure Water

Topic 3: Physical Chemistry

Energetics

  • 3.1 Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
  • 3.2–3.3 Calorimetry Experiments and Heat Energy Calculations (Q = mcΔT)
  • 3.4 Molar Enthalpy Change
  • 3.5–3.6C Energy Level Diagrams; Bond Breaking and Bond Making
  • 3.7C Bond Energies and Enthalpy Change
  • 3.8 Practical: Temperature Changes in Reactions

Rates of Reaction

  • 3.9–3.10 Factors Affecting Rate of Reaction (Surface Area, Concentration, Pressure, Temperature)
  • 3.11 Collision Theory
  • 3.12–3.13 Catalysts and Activation Energy
  • 3.14C Reaction Profile Diagrams
  • 3.15 Practical: Rate of Reaction with Marble Chips
  • 3.16 Practical: Catalytic Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide

Reversible Reactions and Equilibria

  • 3.17–3.18 Reversible Reactions and Examples
  • 3.19–3.20C Dynamic Equilibrium and Its Characteristics
  • 3.21 -3.22C  Effect of Catalysts, Temperature and Pressure on Equilibrium

Topic 4: Organic Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry

  • 4.1–4.3 Hydrocarbons; Homologous Series, Functional Groups, and Isomerism
  • 4.2, 4.4–4.5 Representing Organic Molecules and IUPAC Naming
  • 4.6 Organic Reaction Types

Crude Oil

  • 4.7 Crude Oil as a Mixture of Hydrocarbons
  • 4.8 Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
  • 4.9–4.10 Uses and Properties of Fractions
  • 4.11–4.12 Fuels, Energy Release, and Combustion of Hydrocarbons
  • 4.13–4.16 Pollution from Hydrocarbons (CO, NOx, SO₂, Acid Rain)
  • 4.17–4.18 Catalytic Cracking and Its Importance

Alkanes

  • 4.19–4.21 General Formula, Saturation, Structures, and Naming of Alkanes
  • 4.22 Reactions of Alkanes with Halogens

Alkenes

  • 4.23–4.26 Functional Group, General Formula, Structures, and Naming of Alkenes
  • 4.27–4.28 Reactions with Bromine and the Bromine Water Test

Alcohols

  • 4.29–4.30C Functional Group, Structures, and Naming of Alcohols
  • 4.31C Oxidation of Ethanol
  • 4.32–4.33C Manufacture of Ethanol and Fermentation Conditions

Carboxylic Acids

  • 4.34–4.35C Functional Group, Structures, and Naming of Carboxylic Acids
  • 4.36C Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
  • 4.37C Vinegar as Ethanoic Acid

Esters

  • 4.38–4.41C Functional Group, Formation, and Structures of Esters
  • 4.42C Properties and Uses of Esters
  • 4.43C Practical: Preparation of an Ester

Synthetic Polymers

  • 4.44–4.46 Addition Polymerisation, Repeat Units, and Deducing Monomers
  • 4.47 Disposal of Addition Polymers
  • 4.48–4.49C Condensation Polymerisation and Polyesters
  • 4.50C Biodegradable Polymers
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